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6.46 Satellite access  6.46.1 Overview  6.46.2 General  6.46.3 Service continuity  6.46.4 Roaming aspects  6.46.5 Resource efficiency  6.46.6 Efficient user plane  6.46.7 Satellite and Relay UEs  6.46.8 Store and Forward Satellite Operation  6.46.8.1 Description  6.46.8.2 Requirements  6.46.9 UE-Satellite-UE communication  6.46.10 Positioning aspects for satellite access 
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6.46  Satellite access |R19|  p. 78

6.46.1  Overview  p. 78

The following requirements apply for a 5G system with satellite access.

6.46.2  General  p. 78

A 5G system with satellite access shall support different configurations where the radio access network is either a satellite NG-RAN or a non-3GPP satellite access network, or both.
A UE supporting satellite access shall be able to provide or assist in providing its location to the 5G network.
A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to determine a UE's location in order to provide service (e.g. route traffic, support emergency calls) in accordance with the governing national or regional regulatory requirements applicable to that UE.
A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support low power MIoT type of communications.
Subject to the regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to provide services to an authorized UE independently of the UE's GNSS capability.
Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support collection of information on usage statistics and location of the UEs that are connected to the satellite.
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6.46.3  Service continuity  p. 78

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall support service continuity between 5G terrestrial access network and 5G satellite access networks owned by the same operator or owned by different operators having an agreement.
  • Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support service continuity (with minimum service interruption) of a UE-Satellite-UE communication when the UE communication path moves between serving satellites (due to the movement of the UE and/or the satellites).
  • Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall support service continuity (with minimum service interruption) of a UE-Satellite-UE communication when the communication path between UEs extends to additional satellites (through ISLs).
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6.46.4  Roaming aspects  p. 79

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall enable roaming of UE supporting both satellite access and terrestrial access between 5G satellite networks and 5G terrestrial networks.
  • UEs supporting satellite access shall support optimized network selection and reselection to PLMNs with satellite access, based on home operator policy.

6.46.5  Resource efficiency  p. 79

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall support the use of satellite links between the radio access network and core network, by enhancing the 3GPP system to handle the latencies introduced by satellite backhaul.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support meshed connectivity between satellites interconnected with ISLs.

6.46.6  Efficient user plane  p. 79

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to select the communication link providing the UE with the connectivity that most closely fulfils the agreed QoS.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be capable of supporting simultaneous use of 5G satellite access network and 5G terrestrial access networks.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support both UEs supporting only satellite access and UEs supporting simultaneous connectivity to 5G satellite access network and 5G terrestrial access network.
  • Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support an efficient communication path and resource utilization for a UE using only satellites access, e.g. to minimize the latencies introduced by satellite links involved.
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6.46.7  Satellite and Relay UEs  p. 79

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support relay UE's with satellite access.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall support mobility management of relay UEs and the remote UEs connected to the relay UE between a 5G satellite access network and a 5G terrestrial network, and between 5G satellite access networks.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall support joint roaming between different 5G networks of a relay UE and the remote UEs connected to that relay UE.
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6.46.8  Store and Forward Satellite Operation  p. 80

6.46.8.1  Description  p. 80

NGSO (MEO/LEO) based satellite access is raising higher demands on the amount of ground stations, and the availability and stability of the connectivity to ground station for UEs to obtain end-to-end network services anytime.
S&F (Store and Forward) Satellite operation in some level provides a way to enable autonomously network service to UEs without the satellite always being connected to the ground station, which can extend the service availability for the areas without the connectivity to ground station via feeder link or ISL (e.g. at sea, very remote areas lack of ground-station infrastructures), improve the ground segment affordability with fewer ground stations and allow more robust UE services with the satellite under intermittently/temporarily unavailable feeder link.
This is particularly relevant for delay-tolerant communications via NGSO space segment.
The requirements below refer to S&F (Store and Forward) Satellite operation.
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6.46.8.2  Requirements  p. 80

Subject to operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support S&F Satellite operation for authorized UEs e.g. store data on the satellite when the feeder link is unavailable; and forward the data once the feeder link between the satellite and the ground segment becomes available.
A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to inform a UE whether S&F Satellite operation is applied.
Subject to operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall be able to allow the operator or a trusted 3rd party to apply, on a per UE and/or satellite basis, an S&F data retention period.
Subject to operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall be able to allow the operator or a trusted 3rd party to apply, on a per UE and/or satellite basis, an S&F data storage quota.
A 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall be able to support a mechanism to configure and provision specific required QoS and policies for UE's data subject to store and forward operation (e.g. forwarding priority, acknowledgment policy).
A 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall be able to provide related information (e.g. estimated delivery time to the authorised 3rd party) to an authorized UE.
A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to inform an authorised 3rd party whether S&F Satellite operation is applied for communication with a UE and to provide related information (e.g. estimated delivery time to the authorised UE).
Subject to operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall be able to support forwarding of the stored data from one satellite to another satellite (e.g., which has an available feeder link to the ground network), through ISLs.
Subject to operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access supporting the S&F Satellite operation shall be able to support suitable means to resume communication between the satellite and the ground station once the feeder link becomes available.
A 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall support mechanisms for a UE to register with the network when the network is in S&F Satellite operation.
A 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall support mechanisms to authorize subscribers for receiving services when the network is in S&F Satellite operation.
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6.46.9  UE-Satellite-UE communication  p. 81

Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall support UE-Satellite-UE communication regardless of whether the feeder link is available or not.
Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to provide QoS control of a UE-Satellite-UE communication.
Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support different types of UE-Satellite-UE communication (e.g. voice, messaging, broadband, unicast, multicast, broadcast).
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6.46.10  Positioning aspects for satellite access  p. 81

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support 3GPP positioning methods for UEs using only satellite access.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to provide positioning service to a UE using only satellite access and the information on positioning services (e.g. supported positioning performance).
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support negotiation of positioning methods, between UE and network, according e.g. to 3GPP RAT and UE positioning capability, the availability of non-3GPP positioning technologies (e.g. GNSS).
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