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Content for  TS 23.288  Word version:  19.2.0

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6.17 Location Accuracy Analytics  6.17.1 General  6.17.2 Input Data  6.17.3 Output Analytics  6.17.4 Procedures to request Location Accuracy Analytics 
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6.17  Location Accuracy Analytics |R18|  p. 287

6.17.1  General  p. 287

This clause specifies how an NWDAF can provide Location Accuracy Analytics which provides analytics for LCS QoS accuracy to an analytics consumer such as LMF.
With different input data to NWDAF, the Location Accuracy Analytics provides one or a combination of the following information:
  • when the input data is location:
    • location accuracy (i.e. Horizontal Accuracy (see clause 4.3.1 of TS 22.071) and optionally Vertical Accuracy (see clause 4.3.2 of TS 22.071) of applicable positioning method at indicated location;
    • Indication on whether a UE is indoor or outdoor when a location measurement is made (optional);
    • Indication on whether a UE location is measured with NLOS or LOS (optional);
  • when the input data is area:
    • average location accuracy (i.e. Horizontal Accuracy (see clause 4.3.1 of TS 22.071) and optionally Vertical Accuracy (see clause 4.3.2 of TS 22.071) of applicable positioning method at indicated area;
    • percentage of indoor/outdoor measurement for an applicable area (optional);
    • percentage of NLOS/LOS measurement for an applicable area (optional);
    • requested Confidence of location accuracy prediction (optional).
The consumer of these analytics shall indicate in the request or subscription:
  • Analytics ID = "Location Accuracy";
  • Target of Analytics Reporting: "any UE";
  • Analytics Filter Information:
    • Optionally, the Positioning methods used as defined in clause 4.2b of TS 23.273;
    • Location information (horizontal and optional vertical); or
    • Area of Interest: restricts the scope of the LCS accuracy analytics to the provided area. The AOI is TA and/or cell list as defined in TS 23.502. Depends on the NWDAF consumer, there can be more than one AOIs in one request;
    • Optionally, the list of analytics subsets that are requested among those specified in clause 6.17.3;
  • optionally, a preferred level of accuracy of the analytics;
  • optionally, preferred level of accuracy per analytics subset (see clause 6.17.3);
  • optionally, Reporting Thresholds, which apply only for subscriptions and indicate conditions on the level to be reached for respective analytics subsets (see clause 6.17.3) in order to be notified by the NWDAF;
  • optionally, maximum number of objects; and
  • an Analytics target period indicates the time period over which the statistics or predictions are requested.
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6.17.2  Input Data  p. 288

In Input data for the analytics ID is listed in Table 6.17.2-1. A training should be done by performing a specific LCS positioning method and comparing the position result with the ground truth UE location obtained by another method.
Information Source Description
UE IDsAMF(List of) SUPI(s)
Finer granularity UE locationLCS
NOTE 1		UE location information.
 >UE locationGeographical location or location in local coordinate (as defined in TS 23.032)
 >positioning methodsThe positioning methods used by the LMF when the location measurement was made
 >LCS QoSLCS QoS accuracy as defined in clause 4.1b in TS 23.273
 >Indoor/outdoor indicationIndication of indoor/outdoor when LMF can distinguish indoor/outdoor environment
 >NLOS/LOS indicationIndication whether the UE measurements were based on LOS/NLOS measurements
UE location (ground truth)AF (NOTE 2, NOTE 3)Timestamped UE positions
 >UE locationGNSS location information
 >TimestampTime stamp for the UE location
 >AccuracyThe accuracy of the GNSS location information
NOTE 1:
The procedure to collect location data using LCS is described in clause 6.2.12.
NOTE 2:
How the AF obtains timestamped GNSS location information of a UE ID is out of 3GPP scope. Whether to trust the UE location from AF is up to the implementation.
NOTE 3:
When AF is deployed in the untrusted domain, NEF is employed to mediate the interactions between NWDAF and AF via the Naf_EventExposure_Subscribe service specified in clause 5.2.19.2 of TS 23.502, as described in clause 6.2.8.2.3.
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6.17.3  Output Analytics  p. 288

The Location Accuracy analytics are shown in Table 6.17.3-1.
Information Description
List of Accuracy sustainability Analytics (1..max)
> Applicable AreaA list of TAIs or Cell IDs or longitude and latitude level location information that the analytics applies to
 > Applicable Time PeriodThe time period within the Analytics target period that the statistics applies to.
 > Positioning Methods (1…max) (NOTE)The positioning methods used to measure location as defined in clause 4.2b of TS 23.273
  >> average accuracy of positioning method in applicable area (NOTE)Statistics about the horizontal and optionally vertical location average accuracy of applicable positioning method at the applicable area
  >> Percentage of NLOS/LOS measurements of positioning method in applicable area Provides ratio of LOS to NLOS measurements of positioning method in the applicable area
 > Percentage of UE in indoor/outdoor in applicable area (optional) (NOTE)Provides ratio of UEs that are indoor/outdoor in the applicable area
> Applicable LocationA location (i.e. Geographical location or location in local coordinate (as defined in TS 23.032)) that the analytics applies to
 >Applicable Time PeriodThe time period within the Analytics target period that the prediction applies to.
 > Positioning Methods (1…max) (NOTE)The positioning methods used to measure location as defined in clause 4.2b of TS 23.273
  >> accuracy of positioning method in applicable location (NOTE)statistics about the horizontal and optionally vertical location accuracy of applicable positioning method at the applicable location
  >> Indication whether the location is measured NLOS/LOS with the positioning methodIndicates whether this applicable location is measured with NLOS or LOS with the positioning method
 > Indication whether location is indoor/outdoor (optional) (NOTE)Indicates whether this applicable location is measured to be indoor or outdoor
NOTE:
Analytics subset that can be used in "list of analytics subsets that are requested", "Preferred level of accuracy per analytics subset" and "Reporting Thresholds".
Information Description
List of Accuracy sustainability Analytics (1..max)
> Applicable AreaA list of TAIs or Cell IDs or longitude and latitude level location information that the analytics applies to
 > Applicable Time PeriodThe time period within the Analytics target period that the prediction applies to
 > Positioning Methods (1…max) (NOTE)The positioning methods used to measure location as defined in clause 4.2b of TS 23.273
  >> average accuracy of positioning method in applicable area (NOTE)Prediction about the horizontal and optionally vertical location average accuracy of applicable positioning method at the applicable area
  >> Percentage of NLOS/LOS measurements of positioning method in applicable area Provides predicted ratio of LOS to NLOS measurements of positioning method in the applicable area
 > Percentage of UE in indoor/outdoor in applicable area (optional) (NOTE)Provides predicted ratio of UEs that are indoor/outdoor in the applicable area
> Applicable LocationA location (i.e. Geographical location or location in local coordinate (as defined in TS 23.032)) that the analytics applies to
 > Applicable Time PeriodThe time period within the Analytics target period that the prediction applies to.
 > Positioning Methods (1…max) (NOTE)The positioning methods used to measure location as defined in clause 4.2b of TS 23.273
  >> accuracy of positioning method in applicable location (NOTE)Prediction about the horizontal and optionally vertical location accuracy of applicable positioning method at the applicable location
  >> Indication whether the location is measured NLOS/LOS with the positioning methodPredicts whether this applicable location is measured with NLOS or LOS with the positioning method
 > Indication whether location is indoor/outdoor (optional) (NOTE)Predicts whether this applicable location is measured to be indoor or outdoor
> ConfidenceConfidence of the prediction
NOTE:
Analytics subset that can be used in "list of analytics subsets that are requested", "Preferred level of accuracy per analytics subset" and "Reporting Thresholds".
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6.17.4  Procedures to request Location Accuracy Analytics  p. 291

Reproduction of 3GPP TS 23.288, Fig. 6.17.4-1: Location accuracy analytics retrieval
Figure 6.17.4-1: Location accuracy analytics retrieval
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Pre-condition:
NWDAF has a trained supervised ML Model for predicting location accuracy. In the training phase, the NWDAF consumes input data as listed in clause 6.17.2. To pre-train the ML Model, NWDAF may collect input data based on area of interest (AoI). The AoI is determined by NWDAF.
Step 0-1.
NWDAF collects UE IDs from AMF as defined in Table 6.17.2-1 via the AMF event exposure service with AoI as filtering criteria.
Step 0-2.
NWDAF collects the UE location information using LCS (location estimate, Position Methods Used, Indoor/Outdoor indication, NLOS/LOS indication) as described in clause 6.2.12 and Table 6.17.2-1 with UE ID as filtering criteria.
Step 0-3.
NWDAF collects ground truth UE location information (i.e. timestamped GNSS location information) from AF.
Step 0-4.
NWDAF prepares the analytics for statistics and/or pre-trains the ML Model for prediction.
Step 1.
The Analytics consumer, e.g. LMF, requests from NWDAF location accuracy statistics or predictions, giving as inputs the corresponding Analytics ID and UE location estimate (in the form of horizontal and/or vertical location) or corresponding area (cell ID/TAI). The analytics request to the NWDAF may be a one time or a subscription request. Other inputs such as UE positioning method, applicable period can be assistance data.
Step 2.
The NWDAF uses the trained ML Model and provides the location accuracy as output to the analytics consumer.
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