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TS 23.501
System Architecture for the 5G System

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V18.9.0 (PDF)  2025/03  722 p.
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V16.20.0  2024/06  458 p.
V15.13.0  2022/03  253 p.
Rapporteur:
Ms. Chandramouli, Devaki
Nokia Germany
Service-based representation of the 5G Core architecture

essential Table of Contents for  TS 23.501  Word version:  19.3.0

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List of Figures and Tables

Figure 4.2.3-1Non-Roaming 5G System Architecture
Figure 4.2.3-2Non-Roaming 5G System Architecture in reference point representation
Figure 4.2.3-3Applying Non-Roaming 5G System Architecture for multiple PDU Session in reference point representation
Figure 4.2.3-4Applying Non-Roaming 5G System Architecture for concurrent access to two (e.g. local and central) data networks (single PDU Session option) in reference point representation
Figure 4.2.3-5Non-Roaming Architecture for Network Exposure Function in reference point representation
Figure 4.2.4-1Roaming 5G System architecture - local breakout scenario in service-based interface representation
Figure 4.2.4-3Roaming 5G System architecture - home routed scenario in service-based interface representation
Figure 4.2.4-4Roaming 5G System architecture - local breakout scenario in reference point representation
Figure 4.2.4-6Roaming 5G System architecture - Home routed scenario in reference point representation
Figure 4.2.4-7NRF Roaming architecture in reference point representation
Figure 4.2.4-9Roaming 5G System architecture - home routed roaming scenario in service-based interface representation employing UPF dedicated to IPUPS
Figure 4.2.5-1Data Storage Architecture for unstructured data from any NF
Figure 4.2.5-2Data Storage Architecture
Figure 4.2.5a-1Radio Capability Signalling optimisation architecture
Figure 4.2.5a-2Roaming architecture for Radio Capability Signalling optimisation
Figure 4.2.8.2.1-1Non-roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with untrusted non-3GPP access
Figure 4.2.8.2.1-2Non-roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with trusted non-3GPP access
Figure 4.2.8.2.2-1LBO Roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with untrusted non-3GPP access - N3IWF in the same VPLMN as 3GPP access
Figure 4.2.8.2.2-2LBO Roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with untrusted non-3GPP access - N3IWF in a different PLMN from 3GPP access
Figure 4.2.8.2.2-3LBO Roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with trusted non-3GPP access using the same VPLMN as 3GPP access
Figure 4.2.8.2.2-4LBO Roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with trusted non-3GPP access using a different PLMN than 3GPP access
Figure 4.2.8.2.3-1Home-routed Roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with untrusted non-3GPP access - N3IWF in the same VPLMN as 3GPP access
Figure 4.2.8.2.3-2Home-routed Roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with untrusted non-3GPP access - N3IWF in a different VPLMN than 3GPP access
Figure 4.2.8.2.3-3Home-routed Roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with untrusted non-3GPP access - N3IWF in HPLMN
Figure 4.2.8.2.3-4Home-routed Roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with trusted non-3GPP access using the same VPLMN as 3GPP access
Figure 4.2.8.4-1Non- roaming architecture for 5G Core Network for 5G-RG with Wireline 5G Access network and NG RAN
Figure 4.2.8.4-2Non- roaming architecture for 5G Core Network for FN-RG with Wireline 5G Access network and NG RAN
Figure 4.2.8.5.2-1Non-roaming and LBO Roaming Architecture for supporting 5GC access from N5CW devices
Figure 4.2.10-1Non-roaming and Roaming with Local Breakout architecture for ATSSS support
Figure 4.2.10-2Roaming with Home-routed architecture for ATSSS support (UE registered to the same VPLMN)
Figure 4.2.10-3Roaming with Home-routed architecture for ATSSS support (UE registered to different PLMNs)
Figure 4.2.15-1Reference architecture to support authentication for Non-seamless WLAN offload in 5GS
Figure 4.2.15-2Service based reference architecture to support authentication for Non-seamless WLAN offload in 5GS
Figure 4.2.15-3Roaming reference architectures to support authentication for Non-seamless WLAN offload in 5GS
Figure 4.2.15-3aReference architectures to support authentication for Non-seamless WLAN offload using credentials from Credentials Holder using UDM
Figure 4.2.15-3bReference architecture to support authentication for Non-seamless WLAN offload using credentials from Credentials Holder using AAA Server
Figure 4.2.15-3cReference architecture to support authentication for Non-seamless WLAN offload using credentials from Credentials Holder using AAA Server via 5GC
Figure 4.2.15-4Service based Roaming reference architecture to support authentication for Non-seamless WLAN offload in 5GS
Figure 4.2.15-4aService based reference architecture to support authentication for Non-seamless WLAN offload using credentials from Credentials Holder using UDM
Figure 4.2.15-4bService based reference architecture to support authentication for Non-seamless WLAN offload using credentials from Credentials Holder using AAA Server via 5GC
Figure 4.2.16-1Architecture to support User Plane Information Exposure via a service-based interface
Figure 4.2.18.1-1Non-roaming architecture for Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving
Figure 4.2.18.1-2Non-roaming architecture for Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving in reference point representation
Figure 4.3.1-1Non-roaming architecture for interworking between 5GS and EPC/E-UTRAN
Figure 4.3.2-1Local breakout roaming architecture for interworking between 5GS and EPC/E-UTRAN
Figure 4.3.2-2Home-routed roaming architecture for interworking between 5GS and EPC/E-UTRAN
Figure 4.3.3.1-1Non-roaming architecture for interworking between 5GC via non-3GPP access and EPC/E-UTRAN
Figure 4.3.3.2-1Local breakout roaming architecture for interworking between 5GC via non-3GPP access and EPC/E-UTRAN
Figure 4.3.3.2-2Home-routed roaming architecture for interworking between 5GC via non-3GPP access and EPC/E-UTRAN
Figure 4.3.4.1-1Non-roaming architecture for interworking between ePDG/EPC and 5GS
Figure 4.3.4.2-1Local breakout roaming architecture for interworking between ePDG/EPC and 5GS
Figure 4.3.4.2-2Home-routed roaming architecture for interworking between ePDG/EPC and 5GS
Figure 4.3.5.1-1Non-roaming Service Exposure Architecture for EPC-5GC Interworking
Figure 4.3.5.2-1Roaming Service Exposure Architecture for EPC-5GC Interworking
Figure 4.4.2.1-1Non-roaming System Architecture for SMS over NAS
Figure 4.4.2.1-2Non-roaming System Architecture for SMS over NAS in reference point representation
Figure 4.4.2.1-3Roaming architecture for SMS over NAS
Figure 4.4.2.1-4Roaming architecture for SMS over NAS in reference point representation
Figure 4.4.6.1-1Local-switch based user plane architecture in non-roaming scenario
Figure 4.4.6.1-2N19-based user plane architecture in non-roaming scenario
Figure 4.4.8.2-1System architecture view with 5GS appearing as TSN bridge
Figure 4.4.8.3-1Architecture to enable Time Sensitive Communication and Time Synchronization services
Figure 4.4.8.4-15GS Architecture to support IETF Deterministic Networking
Figure 5.3.2.2.4-1RM state model in UE
Figure 5.3.2.2.4-2RM state model in AMF
Figure 5.3.3.2.4-1CM state transition in UE
Figure 5.3.3.2.4-2CM state transition in AMF
Table 5.6.1-1Attributes of a PDU Session
Figure 5.6.4.2-1User plane Architecture for the Uplink Classifier
Figure 5.6.4.3-1Multi-homed PDU Session: service continuity case
Figure 5.6.4.3-2Multi-homed PDU Session: local access to same DN
Table 5.6.7-1Information element contained in AF request
Table 5.6.16.2-1Information element contained in AF request
Table 5.6.17.2-1Information elements contained in AF request
Figure 5.7.1.5-1The principle for classification and User Plane marking for QoS Flows and mapping to AN Resources
Table 5.7.4-1Standardized 5QI to QoS characteristics mapping
Table 5.8.2.5.2-1Scenarios for data forwarding between the SMF and UPF
Table 5.8.5.3-1Attributes within Packet Detection Rule
Table 5.8.5.4-1Attributes within QoS Enforcement Rule
Table 5.8.5.5-1Attributes within Usage Reporting Rule
Table 5.8.5.6-1Attributes within Forwarding Action Rule
Table 5.8.5.7-1Attributes within Usage Report
Table 5.8.5.8-1Attributes within Multi-Access Rule
Table 5.8.5.9-1User plane node Information
Table 5.8.5.11-1Attributes within Session Reporting Rule
Table 5.8.5.12-1Attributes within Session Reporting
Table 5.8.5.14-1TSC Management Information Container
Table 5.8.5.15-1Attributes within Downlink Data Report
Table 5.15.2.2-1Standardised SST values
Figure 5.17.1.1-1Architecture for migration scenario for EPC and 5G CN
Figure 5.17.7.1-1Configuration Transfer between gNB and E-UTRAN basic network architecture
Figure 5.18.1-1A 5G Multi-Operator Core Network (5G MOCN) in which multiple CNs are connected to the same NG-RAN
Figure 5.18.1-2Indirect Network Sharing in which multiple participating operators' CNs connect to hosting operator's CN to share NR
Figure 5.26.1-1inter NG-RAN Configuration Transfer basic network architecture
Figure 5.27.1-15G system is modelled as PTP instance for supporting time synchronization
Table 5.27.1.12-1Information elements that gNB or UPF/NW-TT timing synchronization status information may contain (all optional)
Table 5.27.2-1TSC Assistance Information (TSCAI)
Table 5.27.2-2TSC Assistance Container (TSCAC)
Figure 5.28.1-1Per UPF based 5GS bridge
Figure 5.28.4-1QoS Mapping Function distribution between PCF and TSN AF
Figure 5.30.2.9.2-15G System architecture with access to SNPN using credentials from Credentials Holder using AAA Server
Figure 5.30.2.9.3-15G System architecture with access to SNPN using credentials from Credentials Holder using AUSF and UDM
Figure 5.30.2.10.2.2-1Architecture for UE Onboarding in ON-SNPN when the DCS includes an AUSF and a UDM
Figure 5.30.2.10.2.2-2Architecture for UE Onboarding in ON-SNPN when the DCS includes a AAA Server used for primary authentication
Figure 5.30.2.10.2.2-3Architecture for UE Onboarding in ON-SNPN when the DCS is not involved during primary authentication
Figure 5.32.5.4-1UE/UPF measurements related protocol stack for 3GPP access and for an MA PDU Session with type IP
Figure 5.32.5.4-2UE/UPF measurements related protocol stack for Untrusted non-3GPP access and for an MA PDU Session with type IP
Figure 5.32.5.4-3UE/UPF measurements related protocol stack for Trusted non-3GPP access and for an MA PDU Session with type IP
Figure 5.32.6.1-1Steering functionalities in an example UE model
Figure 5.32.6.2.2-1UP protocol stack when an MPQUIC functionality is applied
Table 5.32.8-1Structure of ATSSS Rule
Figure 5.33.2.1-1Example scenario for end to end redundant User Plane paths using Dual Connectivity
Figure 5.33.2.2-1Redundant transmission with two N3 tunnels between the PSA UPF and a single NG-RAN node
Figure 5.33.2.2-2Two N3 and N9 tunnels between NG-RAN and PSA UPF for redundant transmission
Figure 5.34.2.2-1Non-roaming architecture with I-SMF insertion to the PDU Session in reference point representation, with no UL-CL/BP
Figure 5.34.2.2-2Non-roaming architecture with I-SMF insertion to the PDU Session in reference point representation, with UL-CL/BP
Figure 5.34.2.3-1Roaming 5G System architecture with SMF/I-SMF - local breakout scenario in reference point representation
Figure 5.34.4-1User plane Architecture for the Uplink Classifier controlled by I-SMF
Figure 5.34.5-1Multi-homed PDU Session: Branching Point controlled by I-SMF
Figure 5.35.1-1IAB architecture for 5GS
Figure 5.49.1.1-1MWAB architecture for 5GS
Table 5.51.2.2-1Information from SMF for user-plane energy consumption calculation
Table 5.51.2.2-2Information from OAM for user-plane energy consumption calculation
Table 6.3.1.0-1Binding, selection and reselection
Figure 6.3.12.1-1Example deployment scenario for trusted Non-3GPP access network selection
Figure 7.1.1-1NF/NF service inter communication
Figure 7.1.2-1"Request-response" NF Service illustration
Figure 7.1.2-2"Subscribe-Notify" NF Service illustration 1
Figure 7.1.2-3"Subscribe-Notify" NF Service illustration 2
Figure 7.1.2-4Request response using Indirect Communication
Figure 7.1.2-5Subscribe-Notify using Indirect Communication
Figure 7.2.1-1Network Function and NF Service
Figure 7.2.1-2Network Function, NF Service and NF Service Operation
Figure 7.2.1-3System Procedures and NF Services
Table 7.2.2-1NF Services provided by AMF
Table 7.2.3-1NF Services provided by SMF
Table 7.2.4-1NF Services provided by PCF
Table 7.2.5-1NF Services provided by UDM
Table 7.2.6-1NF Services provided by NRF
Table 7.2.7-1NF Services provided by AUSF
Table 7.2.8-1NF Services provided by NEF
Table 7.2.9-1NF Services provided by SMSF
Table 7.2.10-1NF Services provided by UDR
Table 7.2.11-1NF Services provided by 5G-EIR
Table 7.2.12-1NF Services provided by NWDAF
Table 7.2.13-1NF Services provided by UDSF
Table 7.2.14-1NF Services provided by NSSF
Table 7.2.15-1NF Services provided by BSF
Table 7.2.16-1NF Services provided by LMF
Table 7.2.16A-1NF Services provided by GML
Table 7.2.17-1NF Services provided by CHF
Table 7.2.18-1NF Services provided by UCMF
Table 7.2.19-1NF Services provided by AF
Table 7.2.20-1NF Services provided by NSSAAF
Table 7.2.21-1NF Services provided by DCCF
Table 7.2.22-1NF Services provided by MFAF
Table 7.2.23-1NF Services provided by ADRF
Table 7.2.25-1NF Services provided by EASDF
Table 7.2.26-1NF Services provided by TSCTSF
Table 7.2.27-1NF Services provided by NSACF
Table 7.2.28-1NF Services provided by MB-SMF
Table 7.2.29-1NF Services provided by UPF
Table 7.2.30-1NF Services provided by SCP
Table 7.2.31-1NF Services provided by EIF
Figure 8.2.1.2-1Control Plane between the 5G-AN and the AMF
Figure 8.2.1.3-1Control Plane between the 5G-AN and the SMF
Figure 8.2.2.1-1NAS transport for SM, SMS, UE Policy and LCS
Figure 8.2.2.2-1Control Plane between the UE and the AMF
Figure 8.2.2.3-1Control Plane protocol stack between the UE and the SMF
Figure 8.2.4-1Control Plane before the signalling IPsec SA is established between UE and N3IWF
Figure 8.2.4-2Control Plane after the signalling IPsec SA is established between UE and N3IWF
Figure 8.2.4-3Control Plane for establishment of user-plane via N3IWF
Figure 8.2.5-1Control Plane before the NWt connection is established between UE and TNGF
Figure 8.2.5-2Control Plane after the NWt connection is established between UE and TNGF
Figure 8.2.5-3Control Plane for establishment of user-plane via TNGF
Figure 8.2.7-1Control Plane for trusted WLAN access for N5CW device
Figure 8.3.1-1User Plane Protocol Stack
Figure 8.3.2-1User Plane via N3IWF
Figure 8.3.3-1User Plane via TNGF
Figure 8.3.5-1User Plane for N19-based forwarding
Figure 8.3.6-1User Plane for trusted WLAN access for N5CW device
Figure A-1Example show a Reference Point replaced by two Service based Interfaces
Figure A-2Example showing a Reference Point replaced by a single Service based Interface
Figure A-3Reference Points vs. Service-based Interfaces representation of equal functionality on the interfaces
Figure A-4One or more Services exposed by one Network Function
Figure D.3-1Access to PLMN services via Stand-alone Non-Public Network
Figure D.3-2Access to Stand-alone Non-Public Network services via PLMN
Figure D.6-1MA PDU session with ATSSS support for dual radio UE accessing to Stand-alone Non-Public Network services via Uu and NWu interfaces
Table E.1-1Communication models for NF/NF services interaction summary
Figure E.1-1Communication models for NF/NF services interaction
Figure F-1Architecture with redundancy based on multiple UEs in the device
Figure F-2Reliability group-based redundancy concept in RAN
Figure G.2.1-1Deployment unit: 5GC functionality and co-located Service Agent(s) implementing peripheral tasks
Figure G.2.1-2SCP Service mesh co-location with 5GC functionality
Figure G.2.1-3Detail of the NF-SCP boundary
Figure G.2.2-1Message routing across service mesh boundaries
Figure G.3-1Independent deployment units for SCP and 5GC functionality
Figure G.3-25GC functionality and SCP co-location choices
Figure G.3-3Overview of SCP deployment
Figure G.4-1Deployment unit: 5GC functionality and co-located Service Agent(s) implementing peripheral tasks
Figure G.4.1-1Registering 5GC Functionalities in the SCP
Figure G.4.2-1(NbR-) SCP interconnects multiple deployment clusters with external NRF
Figure J-1Overhead calculation for transport MTU=1500 octet
Table K.1-1Standardized port management information
Table K.1-2Standardized user plane node management information
Table M.2-1TL-Container Information
Figure O.1-1A PDU Session with multiple QoS Flows for different groups
Figure O.2-1Multiple PDU Sessions for different groups
Figure O.3-1A PDU Session targeting a predefined group formed of multiple sub-groups
Figure P.1-1PIN reference architecture
Figure P.2-1Local-switch based user plane architecture for PIN
Figure S.2-1Architecture for MWAB operation support - non-roaming with one PLMN
Figure S.2-2Architecture for MWAB operation support - non-roaming with two PLMNs
Figure S.2-3Architecture for MWAB operation support - MWAB-UE roaming with Local Breakout
Figure S.2-4Architecture for MWAB operation support - MWAB-UE roaming with Home Routed
Figure S.3-1Architecture for MWAB operation support for SNPN - with MWAB-UE served by the subscribed SNPN (BH SNPN) and MWAB-gNB in the same SNPN
Figure S.3-2Architecture for MWAB operation support for SNPN - with MWAB-UE served by the subscribed SNPN (BH SNPN) and MWAB-gNB in different SNPN
Figure S.3-3Architecture for MWAB operation support for SNPN - with MWAB-UE accesses BH-SNPN with credentials from a CH
Figure S.4.1-1Control Plane Protocol Stacks to support the N2 interface
Figure S.4.2-1User Plane Protocol Stacks to support the N3 interface
Figure U.1-1Deployment scenario for traffic offloading at the H-UPF deployed nearby VPLMN region for HR PDU Session
Figure V.1-1NR Femto deployment options for 5GS
Figure W-1XRM packet structure

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