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Content for  TS 32.251  Word version:  18.0.0

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3  Definitions, symbols and abbreviationsp. 12

3.1  Definitionsp. 12

For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions defined in TR 21.905, TS 32.240 and TS 22.060, and the following apply:
2G /3G:
prefixes 2G and 3G refer to functionality that supports only GSM or UMTS, respectively, e.g. 2G SGSN refers only to the GSM functionality of an SGSN
When the term/prefix is omitted, reference is made independently from the GSM or UMTS functionality.
accounting:
process of apportioning charges between the Home Environment, Serving Network and Subscriber.
billing:
function whereby CDRs generated by the charging function(s) are transformed into bills requiring payment.
Billing Domain (BD):
Part of the operator network, which is outside the core network that receives and processes CDR files from the core network charging functions. It includes functions that can provide billing mediation and billing or other (e.g. statistical) end applications. It is only applicable to offline charging (see "Online Charging System" for equivalent functionality in online charging).
CAMEL:
network feature that provides the mechanisms to support operator specific services even when roaming outside HPLMN.
CAMEL subscription information:
identifies a subscriber as having CAMEL services.
chargeable event:
activity utilizing telecommunications network resources and related services for:
  • user to user communication (e.g. a single call, a data communication session or a short message); or
  • user to network communication (e.g. service profile administration); or
  • inter-network communication (e.g. transferring calls, signalling, or short messages); or
  • mobility (e.g. roaming or inter-system handover); and
  • that the network operator may want to charge for.
As a minimum, a chargeable event characterises the resource / service usage and indicates the identity of the involved end user(s).
charged party:
user involved in a chargeable event that has to pay parts or the whole charges of the chargeable event, or a third party paying the charges caused by one or all users involved in the chargeable event, or a network operator.
charging:
a function within the telecommunications network and the associated OCS/BD components whereby information related to a chargeable event is collected, formatted and transferred in order to make it possible to determine usage for which the charged party may be billed.
Charging Data Record (CDR):
A formatted collection of information about a chargeable event (e.g. time of call set-up, duration of the call, amount of data transferred, etc) for use in billing and accounting. For each party to be charged for parts of or all charges of a chargeable event a separate CDR is generated, i.e. more than one CDR may be generated for a single chargeable event, e.g. because of its long duration, or because more than one charged party is to be charged.
charging event:
a set of charging information forwarded by the CTF towards the CDF (offline charging) or towards the OCS (online charging). Each charging event matches exactly one chargeable event.
charging function:
entity inside the core network domain, subsystem or service that is involved in charging for that domain, subsystem or service.
Credit-Control:
mechanism which directly interacts in real-time with an account and controls or monitors the charges, related to the service usage. Credit-Control is a process of: checking if credit is available, credit reservation, deduction of credit from the end user account when service is completed and refunding of reserved credit not used.
domain:
part of a communication network that provides network resources using a certain bearer technology.
Fully Qualified Partial CDR (FQPC):
partial CDR that contains a complete set of the fields specified in the present document. This includes all the mandatory and conditional fields as well as those fields that the PLMN operator has provisioned to be included in the CDR. The first Partial CDR shall be a Fully Qualified Partial CDR.
GPRS:
packet switched bearer and radio services for GSM and UMTS systems.
GSM only:
qualifier indicating that this clause or paragraph applies only to a GSM system. For multi-system cases this is determined by the current serving radio access network.
in GSM,...:
qualifier indicating that this paragraph applies only to GSM System.
in UMTS,...:
qualifier indicating that this paragraph applies only to UMTS System.
inter-system change:
change of radio access between different radio access technologies such as GSM and UMTS.
IP-CAN bearer:
An IP transmission path of defined capacity, delay and bit error rate, etc. See TS 21.905 for the definition of bearer.
IP-CAN session:
The association between a UE represented by an IPv4 address and/or an IPv6 prefix, and UE identity information, if available, and a PDN represented by a PDN ID (e.g. an APN). An IP-CAN session incorporates one or more IP-CAN bearers. Support for multiple IP-CAN bearers per IP-CAN session is IP-CAN specific. An IP-CAN session exists as long as UE IP addresses are established and announced to the IP network.
middle tier TS:
used for the 3GPP charging TSs that specify the domain / subsystem / service specific, online and offline, charging functionality. These are all the TSs in the numbering range from TS 32.250 to TS 32.271, e.g. TS 32.250 for the CS domain, or TS 32.270 for the MMS service.
Currently, there is only one "tier 1" TS in 3GPP, which is TS 32.240 that specifies the charging architecture and principles. Finally, there are a number of top tier TSs in the 32.29x numbering range ([50] ff) that specify common charging aspects such as parameter definitions, encoding rules, the common Billing Domain (BD) interface or common charging applications.
near real-time:
near real-time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than one (1) minute.
Non-Seamless WLAN Offload (NSWO):
is a capability of routing specific IP flows over the WLAN access without traversing the EPC as defined in clause 4.1.5 of TS 23.402.
offline charging:
charging mechanism where charging information does not affect, in real-time, the service rendered.
online charging:
charging mechanism where charging information can affect, in real-time, the service rendered and therefore a direct interaction of the charging mechanism with bearer/session/service control is required.
Online Charging System (OCS):
the entity that performs real-time Credit-Control. Its functionality includes transaction handling, rating, online correlation and management of subscriber account balances.
packet switched domain:
domain in which data is transferred between core network elements in packet switched mode.
partial CDR:
CDR that provides information on part of a subscriber session. A long session may be covered by several partial CDRs. Two formats are considered for partial CDRs. One that contains all of the necessary fields (FQPC); the second has a reduced format (RPC).
Presence Reporting Area:
An area defined within 3GPP Packet Domain for the purposes of reporting of UE presence within that area due to policy control and/or charging reasons. There are two types of Presence Reporting Area: "UE-dedicated Presence Reporting Area", and "Core Network pre-configuration Presence Reporting Area".
Real-time:
real-time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than one (1) second.
Reduced Partial CDR (RPC):
partial CDRs that only provide mandatory fields and information regarding changes in the session parameters relative to the previous partial CDR. For example, location information is not repeated in these CDRs if the subscriber did not change its location.
settlement:
payment of amounts resulting from the accounting process.
Selected IP Traffic Offload (SIPTO):
Offload of selected types of IP traffic (e.g. internet traffic) towards a defined IP network close to the UE's point of attachment to the access network. SIPTO is applicable to traffic offload for the macro-cellular access network and for the H(e)NB subsystem.
subscriber:
A subscriber is an entity (associated with one or more users) that is engaged in a subscription with a service provider. The subscriber is allowed to subscribe and unsubscribe services, to register a user or a list of users authorized to enjoy these services, and also to set the limits relative to the use that associated users make of these services.
tariff period:
part of one (calendar) day during which a particular tariff is applied. Defined by the time at which the period commences (the switch-over time) and the tariff to be applied after switch-over.
tariff:
set of parameters defining the network utilization charges for the use of a particular bearer / session / service.
UMTS only:
qualifier indicating that this clause or paragraph applies only to a UMTS system. For multi-system cases this is determined by the current serving radio access network.
Unused Quota timer:
the time period without quota granted or any quota being consumed for any rating group belonging to the Gy session.
user:
An entity, not part of the 3GPP System that uses network resources by means of a subscription.
The user may or may not be identical to the subscriber holding that subscription.
User Equipment (UE):
A device allowing a user access to network services. For the purpose of 3GPP specifications the interface between the UE and the network is the radio interface. A UE can be subdivided into a number of domains, the domains being separated by reference points. Currently defined domains are the USIM and ME Domains. The ME Domain can further be subdivided into several components showing the connectivity between multiple functional groups. These groups can be implemented in one or more hardware devices. An example of such connectivity is the TE - MT interface. Further, an occurrence of a User Equipment is an MS for GSM as defined in GSM TS 04.02 (GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) Access Reference Configuration).
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3.2  Symbolsp. 14

For the purposes of the present document the following symbols apply:
A
Interface between an MSC and a BSC
Bp
Reference point for the CDR file transfer from the Packet Switched CGF to the BD
C
Interface between a HLR and a SMSC
D
Interface between a MSC and a HLR
E
Interface between a MSC and a SMSC
Ga
Reference point between a CDF and the CGF for CDR transfer
Gb
Interface between an SGSN and a BSC
Gc
Interface between an GGSN and an HLR
Gd
Interface between an SMS-GMSC and an SGSN, and between a SMS-IWMSC and an SGSN
Ge
Interface between a SGSN and a CAMEL GSM SCF
Gf
Interface between an SGSN and an EIR
Gi
Interface between the Packet-Switched domain and an external packet data network
Gn
Interface between two GSNs within the same PLMN
Gp
Interface between two GSNs in different PLMNs
Gr
Interface between an SGSN and an HLR
Gs
Interface between an SGSN and an MSC/VLR.
Gx
Interface between a PCEF and a PCRF
Gxa
Interface between a HSGW and a PCRF
Gy
Online charging reference point between a PCEF and an OCS
Gyn
Online charging reference point between a TDF and an OCS
Gz
Offline charging reference point between a PCEF and anO FCS
Gzn
Offline charging reference point between a TDF and an OFCS
Iu
Interface between the 3G SGSN and the UTRAN
kbit/s
Kilobits per second. 1 kbit/s = 210 bits per second
Mbit/s
Megabits per second. 1 Mbit/s = 220 bits per second
R
Reference point between a non-ISDN compatible TE and MT.
Typically this reference point supports a standard serial interface.
Rf
Offline charging reference point between a PCN network element and CDF
Ro
Online charging reference point between a PCN network element and the OCS
Um
Interface between the Mobile Station (MS) and the GSM fixed network part
Uu
Interface between the User Equipment (UE) and the UMTS fixed network part
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3.3  Abbreviationsp. 15

For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations defined in TR 21.905 and the following apply:
3G
3rd Generation
ABC
Application Based Charging
ADC
Application Detection and Control
AoC
Advice of Charge
APN
Access Point Name
ARP
Allocation and Retention Priority
BD
Billing Domain
CAMEL
Customised Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic
CCA
Credit-Control-Answer
CCR
Credit-Control-Request
CDF
Charging Data Function
CDR
Charging Data Record
CG
Charging Gateway
CGF
Charging Gateway Function
CI
Cell Identity
CIoT
Cellular Internet of Things
CP
Control PlaneCS Circuit Switched
CSE
CAMEL Service Environment
CSG
Closed Subscriber Group
CSG ID
Closed Subscriber Group Identity
CTF
Charging Trigger Function
DCCA
Diameter Credit-Control Application
EPC
Evolved Packet Core
ePDG
Evolved Packet Data Gateway
EPS
Evolved Packet System
ECUR
Event Charging with Unit Reservation
E-UTRAN
Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
FBC
Flow Based bearer Charging
FQPC
Fully Qualified Partial CDR
GERAN
GSM EDGE Radio Access Network
GGSN
Gateway GPRS Support Node
GPRS
General Packet Radio Service
GSM
Global System for Mobile communication
GTP
GPRS Tunnelling Protocol
GTP'
The GPRS protocol used for CDR transport.
It is derived from GTP with enhancements to improve transport reliability necessary for CDRs.
HeNB
Home eNode B
HNB
Home Node B
H(e)NB
HNB and HeNB
HLR
Home Location Register
HPLMN
Home PLMN
HRPD
High Rate Packet Data
HSGW
HRPD Serving Gateway
IE
Information Element
IEC
Immediate Event Charging
IETF
Internet Engineering Task Force
IFOM
IP Flow Mobility
IMEI
International Mobile Equipment Identity
IMSI
International Mobile Subscriber Identity
IP
Internet Protocol
IP-CAN
IP Connectivity Access Network
IPv4
Internet Protocol version 4
IPv6
Internet Protocol version 6
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network
ITU-T
International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunications standardization sector
LAC
Location Area Code
LR
Location Request
M-CDR
Mobility management generated CDR
MAPCON
Multi Access PDN Connectivity
MCC
Mobile Country Code (part of IMSI)
ME
Mobile Equipment
MLC
Mobile Location Center
MME
Mobility Management Entity
MMS
Multimedia Messaging Service
MNC
Mobile Network Code (part of IMSI)
MO
Mobile Originated
MO-LR
Mobile Originated Location Request
MS
Mobile Station
MSISDN
Mobile Station ISDN number
MT
Mobile Terminated
MT-LR
Mobile Terminated Location Request
NBIFOM
Network-based IP flow mobility
NE
Network Element
NI
Network Identifier (part of the APN)
NI-LR
Network Induced - Location Request
NSWO
Non-Seamless WLAN Offload
OAM&P
Operation, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning
OCF
Online Charging Function
OCS
Online Charging System
OI
Operator Identifier (part of the APN)
P-GW
PDN Gateway
PCC
Policy and Charging Control
PCEF
Policy and Charging Enforcement Function
PCN
Packet switched Core network Node (SGSN, GGSN, S-GW, P-GW, TDF)
PDN
Packet Data Network
PDP
Packet Data Protocol (e.g. IP)
PDU
Packet Data Unit
PGW-CDR
P-GW (enhanced by FBC) generated CDR
PLMN
Public Land Mobile Network
PMIP
Proxy Mobile IP
PPP
Point-to-Point Protocol
PRA
Presence Reporting Area
PS
Packet Switched
QCI
QoS Class Identifier
QoS
Quality of Service
RAB
Radio Access Bearer
RAC
Routing Area Code
RANAP
Radio Access Network Application Part
RG
Residential Gateway
RNC
Radio Network Controller
RPC
Reduced Partial CDR
SAC
Service Area Code
S-CDR
SGSN (IP-CAN bearer) generated CDR
S-GW
Serving Gateway
SCUR
Session Charging with Unit Reservation
SDF
Service Data Flow
SGSN
Serving GPRS Support Node
SGW-CDR
S-GW (IP-CAN bearer) generated CDR
SIPTO
Selected IP Traffic Offload
SMS
Short Message Service
S-SMO-CDR
SGSN delivered Short message Mobile Originated CDR
S-SMT-CDR
SGSN delivered Short message Mobile Terminated CDR
T-PDU
Transport PDU
TDF
Traffic Detection Function
TDF-CDR
TDF generated CDR
TR
Technical Report
TS
Technical Specification
TWAG
Trusted WLAN Access Gateway
TWAN
Trusted WLAN Access Network
UMTS
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UP
User Plane
USIM
Universal Subscriber Identity Module
UTRAN
UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
UWAN
Untrusted Wireless Access Network
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