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Content for  TS 22.125  Word version:  19.1.0

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7  Performance requirementsp. 12

7.1  KPIs for services provided to the UAV applicationsp. 12

The 5G system shall be able to provide uncrewed aerial vehicle with the service performance requirements reported in Table 7.1-1.
UAV originated QoS in the Table refers to the QoS of Uplink data (e.g. from UAV to the network side). UAV terminated QoS is the QoS of downlink data (e.g. from the network side to UAV).
The data transmitted by the 5G system includes data collected by hardware devices installed on UAV such as cameras, e.g. pictures, videos and files. It is also possible to transmit some software calculation or statistical data, e.g. UAV management data. The service control data transmitted by the 5G system may be based on application triggers, such as switch, rotation, promotion and demotion control of equipment on UAV. Various UAV applications may require different uplink and downlink QoS at the same time. The 5G system may simultaneously provide services to other users on the ground (e.g., the KPIs for rural and urban scenarios as defined in clause 7.1 of TS 22.261) in the same area without service degradation.
Use case Services Data rate End to end Latency Altitude AGL service area (Note 4)
18K video live broadcast100 Mbps UAV originated200 ms< 100 mUrban, scenic area
600Kbps UAV terminated20 ms< 100 m
2 Laser mapping/HD patrol (Note 7) 120 Mbps UAV originated (Note 1)200 ms30-300 mUrban, rural area, scenic area
300Kbps UAV terminated20 ms30-300 m
34*4K AI surveillance120 Mbps UAV originated20 ms< 200 mUrban, rural area
50Mbps UAV terminated20 ms< 200 m
4Remote UAV controller through HD video≥ 25Mbps UAV originated (Note 3)100 ms< 300 mUrban, rural area
300Kbps UAV terminated20 ms< 300 m
5Real-Time Video0.06 Mbps w/o video UAV originated100 msUrban, rural, countryside
6Video streaming4 Mbps for 720p video
9 Mbps for 1080p video UAV originated
100 msUrban, rural, countryside
7Periodic still photos1Mbps UAV originated1s< 120 mUrban, rural, countryside
NOTE 1:
The flight average speed is 60km/h. The KPI is referring to [5].
NOTE 2:
The latency is the time of the 5G system provide higher accuracy location information of a UAV to a third party.
NOTE 3:
Referring to clause 5.2.2, the absolute flying speed of UAV in this service can be up to 160km/h.
NOTE 4:
The density of active UAV is 10/200 km². The maximum altitude is 300m. The flight average speed is 60km/h.
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7.2  KPIs for UAV command and controlp. 13

UAVs may use a variety of flight command and control modes. Command and control (C2) communications refers to the two-way communication, which may include video, required to control the operation of the UAV itself. C2 messages may be communicated with the UAV controller, the UTM or both and may or may not be periodic. UAV controller and UTM communications may happen at essentially the same time with different required QoS. Any mission specific communication (e.g. HD video for area surveillance), if required, is additional. Different modes of control and their typical KPIs are listed in this clause below. The 5G system shall support UAV operation at altitudes of at least 120m / 400ft above ground level, e.g. the services should be provided and characterized up to 3000ft AGL.
Control Mode Function Typical Message Interval Max UAV ground speed Typical message Size (note 1) End to end Latency Reliability (note 2) Positive ACK (note 8)
Steer to waypoints (note 3)UAV terminated C2 message≥ 1 s300 km/h100 byte1 s99.9%Required
UAV originated C2 message (note 4)1 s84-140 byte1 s99.9%Not Required
Direct stick steering (note 5)UAV terminated C2 message40 ms (note 6)60 km/h24 byte40 ms99.9%Required
UAV originated C2 message (note 7)40 ms84-140 byte40 ms99.9%Not Required
Automatic flight on UTM (note 10)UAV terminated C2 message1 s300 km/h< 10 kbyte5 s (note 9)99.9%Required
UAV originated C2 message1 s (note 9)1500 byte5 s (note 9)99.9%Required
Approaching Autonomous Navigation InfrastructureUAV terminated C2 message500 ms50 km/h4 kbyte10 ms99%Required
UAV originated C2 message500 ms4 kbyte140 ms99.99%Required
NOTE 1:
Message size is at the application layer and excludes any headers and security related load. The numbers shown are typical as message size depends on the commands sent and is implementation specific.
NOTE 2:
Message reliability is defined as the probability of successful transmission within the required latency at the application layer while under network coverage.
NOTE 3:
Video is neither required nor expected to be used for steering in this mode.
NOTE 4:
It may be possible to transmit this message on an event driven basis (e.g. approaching a geo fence). A status message may, but is not required to, be sent as a response to a control message.
NOTE 5:
A video feedback is required for this mode. The KPIs for video are defined in Table 7.2-2.
NOTE 6:
UAVs on-board controllers typically update at either 50Hz (20ms) or 25Hz (40ms).
NOTE 7:
A status message may, but is not required to, be sent as a response to a control message A 1Hz slow mode also exists.
NOTE 8:
Positive ACK is sent to the originator of the message (i.e. UAV controller and / or the UTM). The 5G system makes no assumption whether an appropriate ACK is sent by the application layer.
NOTE 9:
At the application layer, the C2 communication between a UAV and UTM can be allowed to experience much longer traffic interruptions, e.g. timeouts of 30 s on the uplink and 300 s on the downlink.
NOTE 10:
This only represents periodic message exchange during a nominal mission in steady state. It does not represent unusual or aperiodic events such as conveying dynamic restrictions or a flight plan to the UAV on the downlink.
 
Scenario
(note 2)
Data rate End to end Latency Reliability
(note 1)
Direction Positive ACK required
VLOS (visual line of sight)2 Mpbs at 480 p, 30 fps1 s99.9%Sent by UAVNot Required
Non-VLOS4 Mbps at 720 p, 30 fps140 ms99.99%Sent by UAVNot Required
NOTE 1:
Message reliability is defined as the probability of successful transmission within the required latency.
NOTE 2:
Maximum UAV speed is same as control mode of direct stick steering in Table 7.2-1.
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7.3  Positioning performance requirementsp. 14

Table 7.3-1 below lists typical scenarios and the corresponding positioning requirements for horizontal and vertical accuracy, availability, heading, latency, and UE speed.
Scenario Accuracy (95 % confidence level) Availability Heading Latency for position estimation of UE UE Speed Corresponding Positioning Service Level in TS 22.261
Horizontal accuracy Vertical accuracy
8K video live broadcast[0.5 m][1 m]99%1s[< 120 km/h]5
Laser mapping/HD patrol[0.5 m][1 m]99%1s[<120 km/h]5
4*4K AI surveillance[0.1 m][<60 km/h]
Remote UAV controller through HD video[0.5 m][1 m]99%1s[<120 km/h]5
Periodic still photos[0.1 m][1 m][<60 km/h]
NOTE:
The positioning accuracy in this table is not related to navigation or safety.
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7.4  Other requirementsp. 15

[R-7.4-001]
The 5G system shall support a mechanism to switch between C2 communication modes for UAS operation, e.g. from indirect C2 communication to direct C2 communication, and ensure the disconnect time is below the latency requirements.
[R-7.4-002]
The 3GPP system shall enable concurrent communications between the UAV-controller and UAV and between the UTM and the UAV that may require different KPIs.
[R-7.4-003]
The 3GPP system shall be capable of switching between the KPIs, as requested by the UAV-controller or the UTM, within [500ms].
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A  UAS Reference Modelp. 16

A.1  UAS Reference Model in 3GPP ecosystemp. 16

Reproduction of 3GPP TS 22.125, Fig. B.1-1: UAS model in 3GPP ecosystem.
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In the UAS reference model:
  • a UAS is composed of one UAV and one UAV controller in this illustration
  • UAVs are connected over cellular connectivity
  • a UAV can be controlled by a UAV controller connected via the 3GPP mobile network
  • a UAV can be controlled by a UAV controller not connected via the 3GPP mobile network, using a C2 interface not in 3GPP scope
  • a UAV controller connected via the 3GPP mobile network can control one or more UAV(s)
  • the UAS exchanges application data traffic with a UTM
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$  Change historyp. 17


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