This clause gives a functionality overview for SEALDD service.

This SEALDD functionality provides a mechanism for application signalling data transmission and application media data transmission between VAL client(s) and VAL server(s). The SEALDD enabled regular connection management procedures (e.g. connection establishment, connection deletion) are specified in clause 9.2. For supporting URLLC feature, the SEALDD layer establishes E2E redundant transmission with packet duplication and elimination, as specified in clause 9.3.

The transmission quality measurement procedure specified in clause 9.7, supports the E2E transmission quality measurement between SEALDD client and SEALDD server, and exposes the transmission reports to VAL servers and other consumers (e.g. SEALDD server, NSCE server, etc). Based on the SEALDD enabled E2E transmission measurement result, the SEALDD layer provides transmission optimization scheme (e.g. triggering redundant transmission, switching another SEALDD server) to improve transmission quality by interacting with 5GC. The transmission optimization procedures are specified in clause 9.9.

The SEALDD layer provides the differentiated data delivery service with different bandwidth/transmission rate experience for VAL users, considering the network conditions (e.g. QoS monitoring, ECN marking for L4S report), which is described in clause 9.8.

This functionality is provided to support service continuity due to UE mobility or load balance. The SEALDD layer maintains the transport layer connection by interacting SEALDD context, and requesting 5GC to perform seamless data transmission (e.g. IP replacement procedure, simultaneous connectivity). The service continuity support procedures are specified in clause 9.6.

The SEALDD server supports the data storage and storage management for VAL server, SEALDD client and other SEALDD servers, etc, the corresponding procedure is specified in clause 9.5.

This SEALDD functionality enables to keep data transmission costs lower by favouring time windows for data transfer to/from specific UEs in a geographical area, e.g. during non-busy hours, that are less costly and able to handle larger bitrates. The background data transfer procedures are specified in clause 9.11.

The clause specifies the business relationships between the various stakeholders like VAL user, VAL service provider, SEALDD provider and PLMN operator.

Figure 5.2-1 shows the business relationship option-A that exist and that are needed to support a single VAL user.

The VAL user belongs to a VAL service provider based on a VAL service agreement between the VAL user and the VAL service provider. The VAL service provider may have VAL service agreements with several VAL users. The VAL user may have VAL service agreements with several VAL service providers. The VAL service provider and the PLMN operator may be part of the same organization, in which case the business relationship between the two is internal to a single organization. The VAL service provider may have SEAL provider arrangements with multiple SEAL providers and the SEAL provider may have PLMN operator service arrangements with multiple PLMN operators. The SEAL provider and the VAL service provider or the PLMN operator may be part of the same organization, in which case the business relationship between the two is internal to a single organization. The PLMN operator may have PLMN operator service arrangements with multiple VAL service providers and the VAL service provider may have PLMN operator service arrangements with multiple PLMN operators. As part of the PLMN operator service arrangement between the VAL service provider and the PLMN operator, PLMN subscription arrangements may be provided which allows the VAL UEs to register with PLMN operator network.

Figure 5.3-1 shows the business relationship option-B that exist and that are needed to support a single VAL user.

The VAL user belongs to a VAL service provider based on a VAL service agreement between the VAL user and the VAL service provider. The VAL service provider may have VAL service agreements with several VAL users. The VAL user may have VAL service agreements with several VAL service providers. The VAL user may have PLMN operator service arrangements with the PLMN operator. The PLMN operator service arrangement includes the UE subscription arrangement which allows the VAL UEs to register with operator network. The VAL service provider may have SEALDD provider arrangements with multiple SEALDD providers and the SEALDD provider may have SEALDD provider arrangements with multiple VAL service providers. The PLMN operator may have PLMN operator service arrangements with multiple SEALDD service providers and the SEALDD service provider may have PLMN operator service arrangements with multiple PLMN operators. The SEALDD service provider and the PLMN operator may be part of the same organization, in which case the business relationship between the two is internal to a single organization.