Content for  TS 22.179  Word version:  19.2.0

Many non-public safety 3GPP users today subscribe to one particular priority and QoS level of service (e.g., "gold", "silver" or "bronze"), which always provides fixed differentiation. This model, effective and relatively straightforward for non-public safety users, falls short when it comes to the needs of the public safety applications. MCPTT Priority and QoS is situational. The MCPTT Service is intended to provide a real-time priority and QoS experience for MCPTT calls, as public safety users have significant dynamic operational conditions that determine their priority. For example, the type of incident a responder is serving or the responder's overall shift role needs to strongly influence a user's ability to obtain resources from the 3GPP system. Another feature of a mission critical service is transparency of interactions between the users and the system. A first responder that needs to change the QoS of his communications is not to be distracted from his mission due to complicated UE behaviours or service interactions. Instead, the service acts in an anticipatory and adaptive manner to provide the proper quality of experience to the user, automatically, or with simple and minimal interaction. The mission critical service is also expected to provide the ability to interface with public safety systems (e.g., Computer Aided Dispatch) in order to determine the user's state (e.g., incident severity), environment and conditions and to affect the most appropriate priority and QoS experience for the user. The MCPTT Priority handling for on-network use for MCPTT Calls is conceptually modelled as shown in Figure 4.6.1-1. The conceptual model identifies three areas of prioritization: prioritization between and within calls, inter-system prioritization, and prioritization at the transport layer (3GPP system and UE). At the Application Layer a generic, network side, functional entity, "MCPTT Priority and QoS Control", processes with each request static, preconfigured information about users and groups participating in MCPTT, as well as dynamic (or situational) information about them. Based on the results of this processing, the "MCPTT Priority and QoS Control" provides information to and directs interactions with other functional entities, systems, or layers to ensure, to the extent possible, that from a quality of experience point of view, calls and transmissions are handled properly in accordance to established policy rules.

The User Static Attributes include information categorizing the user, possibly by several criteria (e.g., first responder, second responder, supervisor, dispatcher, administrator), as well as jurisdictional boundaries and possibly a preconfigured system-wide individual priority level. The Group Static Attributes include information about the nature/type of the group and the owning organization(s), the jurisdictional boundaries for transmitters and receivers within the group, the normal hours of operation for the group, pre-emption dispositions relative to other groups, and the default minimum priority of the group, i.e., the minimum priority characteristics that are provided to all the Participants in a group call associated with this group, regardless of their individual priority characteristics. The User Dynamic Attributes include the user/Participant's operational status (e.g., on/off duty), his location, the type of incident (e.g., MCPTT Emergency or Imminent Peril) he might be involved in and whether or not he initiated it, whether or not he is individually involved in a formally managed incident and if yes, the boundaries of the incident area, the incident severity and his assigned role in the resolution of the incident. The Group Dynamic Attributes include the type of incident (e.g., MCPTT Emergency or Imminent Peril), if any, the group is currently handling and in case of involvement in a formally managed incident the boundaries of the incident area and the incident severity.

This functionality applies to MCPTT Call initiations and transmissions for the management of potentially contended resources (e.g., GBR bearers) and also for Floor control during an MCPTT Group Call. Each request for exclusive access to resource(s) or for preferential treatment over a contending request arrives accompanied by priority information. This information stays associated with the companion request, whether the request is granted or is queued. The priority information is used for comparison between requests and facilitates the adding and removing of requests from queues and/or authorized interruption of service associated with a previously granted request, if still active. For each request, whether initially queued or not, the requesting party is informed (directly or indirectly) when his request is granted or denied. Other users/Participants are also notified of the disposition of a request and the notification includes the identity of the requestor, as needed. In addition, each requestor can be notified of the position of his request in the queue and he is allowed to cancel his requests while queued.

Floor control is applied in the context of a single MCPTT Call and is triggered by a Participant request for the permission to transmit. Priority information accompanies each grant request.

At the Transport Layer, the MCPTT Service uses3GPP controls to adapt the overall behaviour of the MCPTT System to the needs for resources and/or preferential treatment over other contenders, based on the priority information accompanying the request. The following four controls are available, to be used as necessary, based on the phase of the MCPTT call:

• 3GPP system Access Controls;
• UE Access Controls;
• 3GPP system Admission Controls; and
• 3GPP system Scheduling Controls.

3GPP system Access Controls and UE Access Controls are used to allow preferential treatment of public safety UEs in situations of access congestion. The controls use priority and QoS mechanisms (e.g., using mechanisms like Access Class Barring, Service Specific Access Control, Access Control for Circuit Switched Fallback, Extended Access Barring). Admission Controls are used for the establishment and maintenance of the priority levels and of the pre-emption vulnerability and capability of bearers associated with transmissions and calls. At the start of an MCPTT call, the MCPTT Service requires bearers with proper ARP and pre-emption characteristics are in place prior to the call proceeding. Scheduling Controls (e.g., QCI and bandwidth for the bearers) are used for assuring the appropriate QoS necessary for meeting the Participants' expectation in the perceived quality of the delivered information, primarily in terms of when the service starts and the real-time characteristics of the delivered traffic (e.g., perceived delay, choppiness, clarity).

An MCPTT call can be mixed, with some Participants served by one network/system and other Participants served by a different network(s)/system(s). In general the systems can be quite different. For example, some Participants use MCPTT/LTE, while others could use a P25-based system.

The MCPTT Service uses User Static Attributes of the Participants, potentially adjusted based on User Dynamic Attributes, if applicable. By default, the priority of an MCPTT Private Call is the same as the priority of the originator of the call. Similar to group calls there are MCPTT Emergency Private Calls (with Floor control), which also have a similarly high priority. These are used where there is immediate danger to the user and are typically used to communicate with a dispatcher.