RFC 8568
Network Virtualization Research Challenges
Pages: 42
Informational
Informational
Part 3 of 3 – Pages 33 to 42
5. Technology Gaps and Potential IETF Efforts
Table 1 correlates the open network virtualization research areas identified in this document to potential IETF and IRTF groups that could address some aspects of them. An example of a specific gap that the group could potentially address is identified as a parenthetical beside the group name. +-------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | Open Research Area | Potential IETF/IRTF Group | +-------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | 1) Guaranteeing QoS | IPPM WG (Measurements of NFVI) | | | | | 2) Performance | SFC WG, NFVRG (energy-driven | | improvement | orchestration) | | | | | 3) Multiple Domains | NFVRG (multi-domain orchestration) | | | | | 4) Network Slicing | NVO3 WG, NETSLICES bar BoF (multi- | | | tenancy support) | | | | | 5) Service Composition | SFC WG (SFC Mgmt and Config) | | | | | 6) End-user device | N/A | | virtualization | | | | | | 7) Security | N/A | | | | | 8) Separation of | NFVRG (separation between transport | | control concerns | control and services) | | | | | 9) Testing | NFVRG (testing of scaling) | | | | | 10) Function placement | NFVRG, SFC WG (VNF placement algorithms | | | and protocols) | +-------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ Table 1: Mapping of Open Research Areas to Potential IETF Groups
6. NFVRG Focus Areas
Table 2 correlates the currently identified NFVRG topics of interest / focus areas to the open network virtualization research areas enumerated in this document. This can help the NFVRG in identifying and prioritizing research topics. The current list of NFVRG focus points is the following: o Re-architecting functions, including aspects such as new architectural and design patterns (e.g., containerization, statelessness, serverless, control/data plane separation), SDN integration, and proposals on programmability. o New management frameworks, considering aspects related to new OAM mechanisms (e.g., configuration control, hybrid descriptors) and lightweight MANO proposals. o Techniques to guarantee low latency, resource isolation, and other data-plane features, including hardware acceleration, functional offloading to data-plane elements (including NICs), and related approaches. o Measurement and benchmarking, addressing both internal measurements and external applications. +-------------------------------------+-------------------------+ | NFVRG Focus Point | Open Research Area | +-------------------------------------+-------------------------+ | 1) Re-architecting functions | - Performance improvem. | | | - Network Slicing | | | - Guaranteeing QoS | | | - Security | | | - End-user device virt. | | | - Separation of control | | | | | 2) New management frameworks | - Multiple Domains | | | - Service Composition | | | - End-user device virt. | | | | | 3) Low latency, resource isolation, | - Performance improvem. | | etc. | - Separation of control | | | | | 4) Measurement and benchmarking | - Guaranteeing QoS | | | - Testing | +-------------------------------------+-------------------------+ Table 2: Mapping of NFVRG Focus Points to Open Research Areas
7. IANA Considerations
This document has no IANA actions.8. Security Considerations
This is an Informational RFC that details research challenges; it does not introduce any security threat. Research challenges and gaps related to security and privacy have been included in Section 4.8.9. Informative References
[COMS-PS] Geng, L., Slawomir, S., Qiang, L., Matsushima, S., Galis, A., and L. Contreras, "Problem Statement of Common Operation and Management of Network Slicing", Work in Progress, draft-geng-coms-problem-statement-04, March 2018. [dynamic_chaining] Martini, B. and F. Paganelli, "A Service-Oriented Approach for Dynamic Chaining of Virtual Network Functions over Multi-Provider Software-Defined Networks", Future Internet Vol. 8, No. 2, DOI 10.3390/fi8020024, June 2016. [dynamic_placement] Clayman, S., Maini, E., Galis, A., Manzalini, A., and N. Mazzocca, "The dynamic placement of virtual network functions", 2014 IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS) pp. 1-9, DOI 10.1109/NOMS.2014.6838412, May 2014. [etsi_gs_nfv_003] ETSI NFV ISG, "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Terminology for Main Concepts in NFV", ETSI GS NFV 003 V1.2.1 NFV 003, December 2014, <http://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gs/ NFV/001_099/003/01.02.01_60/gs_NFV003v010201p.pdf>. [etsi_gs_nfv_eve005] ETSI NFV ISG, "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Ecosystem; Report on SDN Usage in NFV Architectural Framework", ETSI GS NFV-EVE 005 V1.1.1 NFV-EVE 005, December 2015, <http://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gs/NFV-EVE/001_099/ 005/01.01.01_60/gs_NFV-EVE005v010101p.pdf>.
[etsi_gs_nfv_per_001] ETSI NFV ISG, "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); NFV Performance & Portability Best Practises", ETSI GS NFV-PER 001 V1.1.2 NFV-PER 001, December 2014, <https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gs/nfv-per/ 001_099/001/01.01.02_60/gs_nfv-per001v010102p.pdf>. [etsi_gs_nfv_sec_001] ETSI NFV ISG, "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); NFV Security; Problem Statement", ETSI GS NFV-SEC 001 V1.1.1 NFV-SEC 001, October 2014, <http://www.etsi.org/deliver/ etsi_gs/NFV-SEC/001_099/001/01.01.01_60/ gs_NFV-SEC001v010101p.pdf>. [etsi_nfv_whitepaper_3] ETSI, "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) - White Paper #3: Network Operator Perspectives on Industry Progress", Issue 1, SDN & OpenFlow World Congress Dusseldorf, Germany, October 2014, <http://portal.etsi.org/NFV/NFV_White_Paper3.pdf>. [google_sdn_wan] Jain, S., et al., "B4: experience with a globally-deployed Software Defined WAN", SIGCOMM '13: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2013 conference on SIGCOMM, pp. 3-14, Hong Kong China, DOI 10.1145/2486001.2486019, August 2013. [intel_10_differences_nfv_cloud] Torre, P., "Discover the Top 10 Differences Between NFV and Cloud Environments", November 2015, <https://software.intel.com/en-us/videos/discover-the-top- 10-differences-between-nfv-and-cloud-environments>. [itu-t-y.3300] ITU-T, "Y.3300: Framework of software-defined networking", ITU-T Recommendation Y.3300, June 2014, <http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-Y.3300-201406-I/en>. [itu-t-y.3301] ITU-T, "Y.3301: Functional requirements of software- defined networking", ITU-T Recommendation Y.3301, September 2016, <http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-Y.3301-201609-I/en>.
[itu-t-y.3302] ITU-T, "Y.3302: Functional architecture of software- defined networking", ITU-T Recommendation Y.3302, January 2017, <http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-Y.3302-201701-I/en>. [LAYERED-SDN] Contreras, L., Bernardos, C., Lopez, D., Boucadair, M., and P. Iovanna, "Cooperating Layered Architecture for Software Defined Networking (CLAS)", Work in Progress, draft-contreras-layered-sdn-03, November 2018. [LIGHT-NFV] Sriram, N., Krishnan, R., Ghanwani, A., Krishnaswamy, D., Willis, P., Chaudhary, A., and F. Huici, "An Analysis of Lightweight Virtualization Technologies for NFV", Work in Progress, draft-natarajan-nfvrg-containers-for-nfv-03, July 2016. [multi-domain_5GEx] Bernardos, C., Gero, B., Di Girolamo, M., Kern, A., Martini, B., and I. Vaishnavi, "5GEx: Realizing a Europe- wide Multi-domain framework for software-defined infrastructures", Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies Vol. 27, No. 9, pp. 1271-1280, DOI 10.1002/ett.3085, July 2016. [MULTI-NMRG] Bernardos, C., Contreras, L., Vaishnavi, I., Szabo, R., Li, X., Paolucci, F., Sgambelluri, A., Martini, B., Valcarenghi, L., Landi, G., Andrushko, D., and A. Mourad, "Multi-domain Network Virtualization", Work in Progress, draft-bernardos-nmrg-multidomain-00, March 2019. [NETSLICES] Galis, A., Dong, J., Makhijani, K., Bryant, S., Boucadair, M., and P. Martinez-Julia, "Network Slicing - Introductory Document and Revised Problem Statement", Work in Progress, draft-gdmb-netslices-intro-and-ps-02, February 2017. [NFV-COTS] Mo, L. and B. Khasnabish, "NFV Reliability using COTS Hardware", Work in Progress, draft-mlk-nfvrg-nfv- reliability-using-cots-01, October 2015.
[nfv_piecing] Luizelli, M., Bays, L., Buriol, L., Barcellos, M., and L. Gaspary, "Piecing together the NFV provisioning puzzle: Efficient placement and chaining of virtual network functions", 2015 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM) pp. 98-106, DOI 10.1109/INM.2015.7140281, May 2015. [nfv_sota_research_challenges] Mijumbi, R., Serrat, J., Gorricho, J-L., Bouten, N., De Turck, F., and R. Boutaba, "Network Function Virtualization: State-of-the-art and Research Challenges", IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials Volume: 18, Issue: 1, pp. 236-262, DOI 10.1109/COMST.2015.2477041, September 2015. [NFVRG-TOPO] Bagnulo, M. and D. Dolson, "NFVI PoP Network Topology: Problem Statement", Work in Progress, draft-bagnulo-nfvrg- topology-01, March 2016. [ngmn_5G_whitepaper] NGMN Alliance, "NGMN 5G White Paper", Version 1.0, February 2015, <https://www.ngmn.org/fileadmin/ngmn/content/ images/news/ngmn_news/NGMN_5G_White_Paper_V1_0.pdf>. [omniran] IEEE, "Recommended Practice for Network Reference Model and Functional Description of IEEE 802 Access Network", P802.1CF IEEE Draft, December 2017. [onf_tr_521] Open Networking Foundation, "SDN Architecture", ONF TR-521 TR-521, Issue 1.1, February 2016, <https://www.opennetworking.org/images/stories/downloads/ sdn-resources/technical-reports/ TR-521_SDN_Architecture_issue_1.1.pdf>. [OpenFlow] Open Networking Foundation, "OpenFlow Switch Specification", ONF TS-025, Version 1.5.1 (Protocol version 0x06), March 2015. [openmano_dataplane] Lopez, D., "OpenMANO: The Dataplane Ready Open Source NFV MANO Stack", March 2015, <https://www.ietf.org/ proceedings/92/slides/slides-92-nfvrg-7.pdf>.
[RFC5810] Doria, A., Ed., Hadi Salim, J., Ed., Haas, R., Ed., Khosravi, H., Ed., Wang, W., Ed., Dong, L., Gopal, R., and J. Halpern, "Forwarding and Control Element Separation (ForCES) Protocol Specification", RFC 5810, DOI 10.17487/RFC5810, March 2010, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5810>. [RFC6241] Enns, R., Ed., Bjorklund, M., Ed., Schoenwaelder, J., Ed., and A. Bierman, Ed., "Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, June 2011, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6241>. [RFC7252] Shelby, Z., Hartke, K., and C. Bormann, "The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)", RFC 7252, DOI 10.17487/RFC7252, June 2014, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7252>. [RFC7426] Haleplidis, E., Ed., Pentikousis, K., Ed., Denazis, S., Hadi Salim, J., Meyer, D., and O. Koufopavlou, "Software- Defined Networking (SDN): Layers and Architecture Terminology", RFC 7426, DOI 10.17487/RFC7426, January 2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7426>. [RFC7498] Quinn, P., Ed. and T. Nadeau, Ed., "Problem Statement for Service Function Chaining", RFC 7498, DOI 10.17487/RFC7498, April 2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7498>. [RFC7665] Halpern, J., Ed. and C. Pignataro, Ed., "Service Function Chaining (SFC) Architecture", RFC 7665, DOI 10.17487/RFC7665, October 2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7665>. [RFC8030] Thomson, M., Damaggio, E., and B. Raymor, Ed., "Generic Event Delivery Using HTTP Push", RFC 8030, DOI 10.17487/RFC8030, December 2016, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8030>. [RFC8040] Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, January 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8040>. [RFC8172] Morton, A., "Considerations for Benchmarking Virtual Network Functions and Their Infrastructure", RFC 8172, DOI 10.17487/RFC8172, July 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8172>.
[SDN-AAA] Lopez, R. and G. Lopez-Millan, "Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based AAA Infrastructures Management", Work in Progress, draft-marin-sdnrg-sdn-aaa-mng-00, November 2015. [sfc_challenges] Medhat, A., Taleb, T., Elmangoush, A., Carella, G., Covaci, S., and T. Magedanz, "Service Function Chaining in Next Generation Networks: State of the Art and Research Challenges", IEEE Communications Magazine vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 216-223, DOI 10.1109/MCOM.2016.1600219RP, February 2017. [SLICE-3GPP] Foy, X. and A. Rahman, "Network Slicing - 3GPP Use Case", Work in Prgoress, draft-defoy-netslices-3gpp-network- slicing-02, October 2017. [virtualization_mobile_device] Sproule, W. and A. Fernando, "Virtualization of Mobile Device User Experience", US Patent 9.542.062 B2, filed October 2013 and issued December 2014, Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC. [vnf-p] Moens, H. and , "VNF-P: A model for efficient placement of virtualized network functions", 10th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM) and Workshop pp. 418-423, DOI 10.1109/CNSM.2014.7014205, November 2014. [VNF-VBAAS] Rosa, R., Rothenberg, C., and R. Szabo, "VNF Benchmark-as- a-Service", Work in Progress, draft-rorosz-nfvrg-vbaas-00, October 2015. [vnf_benchmarking] Rosa, R., Rothenberg, C., and R. Szabo, "A VNF Testing Framework Design, Implementation and Partial Results", NFVRG IETF 97, November 2016, <https://www.ietf.org/proceedings/97/slides/ slides-97-nfvrg-06-vnf-benchmarking-00.pdf>.
Acknowledgments
The authors want to thank Dirk von Hugo, Rafa Marin, Diego Lopez, Ramki Krishnan, Kostas Pentikousis, Rana Pratap Sircar, Alfred Morton, Nicolas Kuhn, Saumya Dikshit, Fabio Giust, Evangelos Haleplidis, Angeles Vazquez-Castro, Barbara Martini, Jose Saldana, and Gino Carrozzo for their very useful reviews and comments to the document. Special thanks to Pedro Martinez-Julia, who provided text for the network slicing section. The authors want to also thank Dave Oran and Michael Welzl for their very detailed IRSG reviews. The work of Carlos J. Bernardos and Luis M. Contreras is partially supported by the H2020 5GEx (Grant Agreement no. 671636) and 5G-TRANSFORMER (Grant Agreement no. 761536) projects.Authors' Addresses
Carlos J. Bernardos Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Av. Universidad, 30 Leganes, Madrid 28911 Spain Phone: +34 91624 6236 Email: cjbc@it.uc3m.es URI: http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/ Akbar Rahman InterDigital Communications, LLC 1000 Sherbrooke Street West, 10th floor Montreal, Quebec H3A 3G4 Canada Email: Akbar.Rahman@InterDigital.com URI: http://www.InterDigital.com/ Juan Carlos Zuniga SIGFOX 425 rue Jean Rostand Labege 31670 France Email: j.c.zuniga@ieee.org URI: http://www.sigfox.com/
Luis M. Contreras Telefonica I+D Ronda de la Comunicacion, S/N Madrid 28050 Spain Email: luismiguel.contrerasmurillo@telefonica.com Pedro Aranda Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Av. Universidad, 30 Leganes, Madrid 28911 Spain Email: pedroandres.aranda@uc3m.es Pierre Lynch Keysight Technologies 800 Perimeter Park Dr, Suite A Morrisville, NC 27560 United States of America Email: pierre.lynch@keysight.com URI: http://www.keysight.com