RFC 7577
Definition of Managed Objects for Battery Monitoring
Pages: 40
Proposed Standard
Proposed Standard
Part 2 of 2 – Pages 11 to 40
4. Definitions
BATTERY-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN IMPORTS MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE, NOTIFICATION-TYPE, mib-2, Integer32, Unsigned32 FROM SNMPv2-SMI -- RFC 2578 DateAndTime FROM SNMPv2-TC -- RFC 2579 MODULE-COMPLIANCE, OBJECT-GROUP, NOTIFICATION-GROUP FROM SNMPv2-CONF -- RFC 2580 SnmpAdminString FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB -- RFC 3411 entPhysicalIndex FROM ENTITY-MIB; -- RFC 6933
batteryMIB MODULE-IDENTITY
LAST-UPDATED "201506150000Z" -- 15 June 2015
ORGANIZATION "IETF EMAN Working Group"
CONTACT-INFO
"General Discussion: eman@ietf.org
To Subscribe: <http://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/eman>
Archive: <http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/eman>
Editor:
Juergen Quittek
NEC Europe, Ltd.
NEC Laboratories Europe
Kurfuersten-Anlage 36
69115 Heidelberg
Germany
Tel: +49 6221 4342-115
Email: quittek@neclab.eu"
DESCRIPTION
"This MIB module defines a set of objects for monitoring
batteries of networked devices and of their components.
Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License
set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this MIB module is part of RFC 7577; see
the RFC itself for full legal notices."
-- Revision history
REVISION "201506150000Z" -- 15 June 2015
DESCRIPTION
"Initial version published as RFC 7577."
::= { mib-2 233 }
--******************************************************************
-- Top-Level Structure of the MIB Module
--******************************************************************
batteryNotifications OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { batteryMIB 0 }
batteryObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { batteryMIB 1 }
batteryConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { batteryMIB 2 }
--==================================================================
-- 1. Object Definitions
--==================================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 1.1. Battery Table
--------------------------------------------------------------------
batteryTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF BatteryEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This table provides information on batteries. It contains
one conceptual row per battery in a managed entity.
Batteries are indexed by the entPhysicalIndex of the
entPhysicalTable defined in the ENTITY-MIB (RFC 6933).
For implementations of the BATTERY-MIB, an implementation of
the ENTITY-MIB complying with the entity4CRCompliance
MODULE-COMPLIANCE statement of the ENTITY-MIB is required.
If batteries are replaced, and the replacing battery uses
the same physical connector as the replaced battery, then
the replacing battery SHOULD be indexed with the same value
of object entPhysicalIndex as the replaced battery."
::= { batteryObjects 1 }
batteryEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX BatteryEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An entry providing information on a battery."
INDEX { entPhysicalIndex }
::= { batteryTable 1 }
BatteryEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
batteryIdentifier SnmpAdminString,
batteryFirmwareVersion SnmpAdminString,
batteryType INTEGER,
batteryTechnology Unsigned32,
batteryDesignVoltage Unsigned32,
batteryNumberOfCells Unsigned32,
batteryDesignCapacity Unsigned32,
batteryMaxChargingCurrent Unsigned32,
batteryTrickleChargingCurrent Unsigned32,
batteryActualCapacity Unsigned32,
batteryChargingCycleCount Unsigned32,
batteryLastChargingCycleTime DateAndTime,
batteryChargingOperState INTEGER,
batteryChargingAdminState INTEGER,
batteryActualCharge Unsigned32,
batteryActualVoltage Unsigned32,
batteryActualCurrent Integer32,
batteryTemperature Integer32,
batteryAlarmLowCharge Unsigned32,
batteryAlarmLowVoltage Unsigned32,
batteryAlarmLowCapacity Unsigned32,
batteryAlarmHighCycleCount Unsigned32,
batteryAlarmHighTemperature Integer32,
batteryAlarmLowTemperature Integer32,
batteryCellIdentifier SnmpAdminString
}
batteryIdentifier OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object contains an identifier for the battery.
Many manufacturers deliver not only simple batteries but
battery packages including additional hardware and firmware.
Typically, these modules include an identifier that can be
retrieved by a device in which a battery has been installed.
The identifier is useful when batteries are removed and
reinstalled in the same or other devices. Then, the device
or the network management system can trace batteries and
achieve continuity of battery monitoring.
If the battery is identified by more than one value,
for example, by a model number and a serial number,
then the value of this object is a concatenation of these
values, separated by the colon symbol ':'. The values
should be ordered so that a more significant value comes
before a less significant one. In the example above, the
(more significant) model number would be first, and the serial
number would follow: '<model number>:<serial number>'.
If the battery identifier cannot be represented using the
ISO/IEC IS 10646-1 character set, then a hexadecimal
encoding of a binary representation of the entire battery
identifier must be used.
The value of this object must be an empty string if there
is no battery identifier or if the battery identifier is
unknown."
::= { batteryEntry 1 }
batteryFirmwareVersion OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object indicates the version number of the firmware
that is included in a battery module.
Many manufacturers deliver not pure batteries but battery
packages including additional hardware and firmware.
Since the behavior of the battery may change with the
firmware, it may be useful to retrieve the firmware version
number.
The value of this object must be an empty string if there
is no firmware or if the version number of the firmware is
unknown."
::= { batteryEntry 2 }
batteryType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
unknown(1),
other(2),
primary(3),
rechargeable(4),
capacitor(5)
}
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object indicates the type of battery.
It distinguishes between primary (not rechargeable)
batteries, rechargeable (secondary) batteries, and
capacitors. Capacitors are not really batteries but
are often used in the same way as a battery.
The value other(2) can be used if the battery type is known
but is none of the ones above. Value unknown(1) is to be used
if the type of battery cannot be determined."
::= { batteryEntry 3 }
batteryTechnology OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object indicates the technology used by the battery.
Numbers identifying battery technologies are registered at
IANA. A current list of assignments can be found at
<http://www.iana.org/assignments/battery-technologies>.
Value unknown(1) MUST be used if the technology of the
battery cannot be determined.
Value other(2) can be used if the battery technology is known
but is not one of the types already registered at IANA."
::= { batteryEntry 4 }
batteryDesignVoltage OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
UNITS "millivolt"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the design (or nominal) voltage of the
battery in units of millivolt (mV).
Note that the design voltage is a constant value and
typically different from the actual voltage of the battery.
A value of 0 indicates that the design voltage is unknown."
::= { batteryEntry 5 }
batteryNumberOfCells OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object indicates the number of cells contained in the
battery.
A value of 0 indicates that the number of cells is unknown."
::= { batteryEntry 6 }
batteryDesignCapacity OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
UNITS "milliampere hours"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the design (or nominal) capacity of
the battery in units of milliampere hours (mAh).
Note that the design capacity is a constant value and
typically different from the actual capacity of the battery.
Usually, this is a value provided by the manufacturer of the
battery.
A value of 0 indicates that the design capacity is
unknown."
::= { batteryEntry 7 }
batteryMaxChargingCurrent OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
UNITS "milliampere"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the maximum current to be used for
charging the battery in units of milliampere (mA).
Note that the maximum charging current may not lead to
optimal charge of the battery and that some batteries can
only be charged with the maximum current for a limited
amount of time.
A value of 0 indicates that the maximum charging current is
unknown."
::= { batteryEntry 8 }
batteryTrickleChargingCurrent OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
UNITS "milliampere"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the recommended average current
to be used for trickle charging the battery in units of
mA.
Typically, this is a value recommended by the manufacturer
of the battery or by the manufacturer of the charging
circuit.
A value of 0 indicates that the recommended trickle charging
current is unknown."
::= { batteryEntry 9 }
batteryActualCapacity OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
UNITS "milliampere hours"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the actual capacity of the
battery in units of mAh.
Typically, the actual capacity of a battery decreases
with time and with usage of the battery. It is usually
lower than the design capacity.
Note that the actual capacity needs to be measured and is
typically an estimate based on observed discharging and
charging cycles of the battery.
A value of 'ffffffff'H indicates that the actual capacity
cannot be determined."
::= { batteryEntry 10 }
batteryChargingCycleCount OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object indicates the number of completed charging
cycles that the battery underwent. In line with the
Smart Battery Data Specification Revision 1.1, a charging
cycle is defined as the process of discharging the battery
by a total amount equal to the battery design capacity as
given by object batteryDesignCapacity. A charging cycle
may include several steps of charging and discharging the
battery until the discharging amount given by
batteryDesignCapacity has been reached. As soon as a
charging cycle has been completed, the next one starts
immediately, independent of the battery's current charge at
the end of the cycle.
For batteries of type primary(3), the value of this object is
always 0.
A value of 'ffffffff'H indicates that the number of charging
cycles cannot be determined."
::= { batteryEntry 11 }
batteryLastChargingCycleTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX DateAndTime
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The date and time of the last charging cycle. The value
'0000000000000000'H is returned if the battery has not been
charged yet or if the last charging time cannot be
determined.
For batteries of type primary(1), the value of this object is
always '0000000000000000'H."
::= { batteryEntry 12 }
batteryChargingOperState OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
unknown(1),
charging(2),
maintainingCharge(3),
noCharging(4),
discharging(5)
}
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object indicates the current charging state of the
battery.
Value unknown(1) indicates that the charging state of the
battery cannot be determined.
Value charging(2) indicates that the battery is being
charged in a way such that the charge of the battery
increases.
Value maintainingCharge(3) indicates that the battery is
being charged with a low-average current that compensates
self-discharging. This includes trickle charging, float
charging, and other methods for maintaining the current
charge of a battery. In typical implementations of charging
controllers, state maintainingCharge(3) is only applied
if the battery is fully charged or almost fully charged.
Value noCharging(4) indicates that the battery is not being
charged or discharged by electric current between the
battery and electric circuits external to the battery.
Note that the battery may still be subject to
self-discharging.
Value discharging(5) indicates that the battery is either
used as the power source for electric circuits external to
the battery or discharged intentionally by the
charging controller, e.g., for the purpose of battery
maintenance. In any case, the charge of the battery
decreases."
::= { batteryEntry 13 }
batteryChargingAdminState OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
notSet(1),
charge(2),
doNotCharge(3),
discharge(4)
}
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of this object indicates the desired
charging state of the battery. The real state is
indicated by object batteryChargingOperState. See the
definition of object batteryChargingOperState for a
description of the values.
When this object is initialized by an implementation of the
BATTERY-MIB module, its value is set to notSet(1). In this
case, the charging controller is free to choose which
operational state is suitable.
When the batteryChargingAdminState object is set, then the
BATTERY-MIB implementation must try to set the battery
to the indicated state. The result will be indicated by
object batteryChargingOperState.
Setting object batteryChargingAdminState to value notSet(1)
is a request to the charging controller to operate
autonomously and choose the operational state that is
suitable.
Setting object batteryChargingAdminState to value charge(2)
is a request to enter the operational state charging(2) until
the battery is fully charged. When the battery is fully
charged, or if the battery was already fully charged or
almost fully charged at the time of the request, the
operational state will change to maintainingCharge(3) if the
charging controller and the battery support the functionality
of maintaining the charge, or it will change to noCharging(4)
otherwise.
Setting object batteryChargingAdminState to value
doNotCharge(3) is a request for entering operational
state noCharging(4).
Setting object batteryChargingAdminState to value
discharge(4) is a request for entering operational
state discharging(5). Discharging can be accomplished
by ordinary use, applying a dedicated load, or any other
means. An example for applying this state is battery
maintenance. If the battery is empty or almost empty, the
operational state will change to noCharging(4).
The charging controller will decide which charge condition
will be considered empty dependent on the battery
technology used. This is done to avoid damage on the
battery due to deep discharge.
Due to operational conditions and limitations of the
implementation of the BATTERY-MIB module, changing the
battery status according to a set value of object
batteryChargingAdminState may not be possible.
Setting the value of object batteryChargingAdminState
may result in not changing the state of the battery
to this value or even in setting the charging state
to another value than the requested one. For example,
the charging controller might at any time decide to
enter state discharging(5), if there is an operational need
to use the battery for supplying power."
::= { batteryEntry 14 }
batteryActualCharge OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
UNITS "milliampere hours"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the actual charge of the battery
in units of mAh.
Note that the actual charge needs to be measured and is
typically an estimate based on observed discharging and
charging cycles of the battery.
A value of 'ffffffff'H indicates that the actual charge
cannot be determined."
::= { batteryEntry 15 }
batteryActualVoltage OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
UNITS "millivolt"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the actual voltage of the battery
in units of mV.
A value of 'ffffffff'H indicates that the actual voltage
cannot be determined."
::= { batteryEntry 16 }
batteryActualCurrent OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32
UNITS "milliampere"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the actual charging or discharging
current of the battery in units of mA.
The charging current is represented by positive values,
and the discharging current is represented by negative values.
A value of '7fffffff'H indicates that the actual current
cannot be determined."
::= { batteryEntry 17 }
batteryTemperature OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32
UNITS "deci-degrees Celsius"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The ambient temperature at or within close proximity
of the battery.
A value of '7fffffff'H indicates that the temperature
cannot be determined."
::= { batteryEntry 18 }
batteryAlarmLowCharge OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
UNITS "milliampere hours"
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the lower-threshold value for object
batteryActualCharge. If the value of object
batteryActualCharge falls below this threshold,
a low-battery alarm will be raised. The alarm procedure may
include generating a batteryLowNotification.
This object should be set to a value such that when the
batteryLowNotification is generated, the battery is still
sufficiently charged to keep the device(s) that it powers
operational for a time long enough to take actions before
the powered device(s) enters a 'sleep' or 'off' state.
A value of 0 indicates that no alarm will be raised for any
value of object batteryActualVoltage."
::= { batteryEntry 19 }
batteryAlarmLowVoltage OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
UNITS "millivolt"
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the lower-threshold value for object
batteryActualVoltage. If the value of object
batteryActualVoltage falls below this threshold,
a low-battery alarm will be raised. The alarm procedure may
include generating a batteryLowNotification.
This object should be set to a value such that when the
batteryLowNotification is generated, the battery is still
sufficiently charged to keep the device(s) that it powers
operational for a time long enough to take actions before
the powered device(s) enters a 'sleep' or 'off' state.
A value of 0 indicates that no alarm will be raised for any
value of object batteryActualVoltage."
::= { batteryEntry 20 }
batteryAlarmLowCapacity OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
UNITS "milliampere hours"
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the lower-threshold value for object
batteryActualCapacity. If the value of object
batteryActualCapacity falls below this threshold,
a battery aging alarm will be raised. The alarm procedure
may include generating a batteryAgingNotification.
A value of 0 indicates that no alarm will be raised for any
value of object batteryActualCapacity."
::= { batteryEntry 21 }
batteryAlarmHighCycleCount OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the upper-threshold value for object
batteryChargingCycleCount. If the value of object
batteryChargingCycleCount rises above this threshold,
a battery aging alarm will be raised. The alarm procedure
may include generating a batteryAgingNotification.
A value of 0 indicates that no alarm will be raised for any
value of object batteryChargingCycleCount."
::= { batteryEntry 22 }
batteryAlarmHighTemperature OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32
UNITS "deci-degrees Celsius"
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the upper-threshold value for object
batteryTemperature. If the value of object
batteryTemperature rises above this threshold, a battery
high temperature alarm will be raised. The alarm procedure
may include generating a batteryTemperatureNotification.
A value of '7fffffff'H indicates that no alarm will be
raised for any value of object batteryTemperature."
::= { batteryEntry 23 }
batteryAlarmLowTemperature OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32
UNITS "deci-degrees Celsius"
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This object provides the lower-threshold value for object
batteryTemperature. If the value of object
batteryTemperature falls below this threshold, a battery
low temperature alarm will be raised. The alarm procedure
may include generating a batteryTemperatureNotification.
A value of '7fffffff'H indicates that no alarm will be
raised for any value of object batteryTemperature."
::= { batteryEntry 24 }
batteryCellIdentifier OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of this object identifies one or more cells of a
battery. The format of the cell identifier may vary between
different implementations. It should uniquely identify one
or more cells of the indexed battery.
This object can be used for batteries, such as lithium
polymer batteries for which battery controllers monitor
cells individually.
This object is used by notifications of types
batteryLowNotification, batteryTemperatureNotification,
batteryCriticalNotification, and batteryAgingNotification.
These notifications can use the value of this object to
indicate the event that triggered the generation of the
notification in more detail by specifying a single cell
or a set of cells within the battery that is specifically
addressed by the notification.
An example use case for this object is a single cell in a
battery that exceeds the temperature indicated by object
batteryAlarmHighTemperature. In such a case, a
batteryTemperatureNotification can be generated that not
only indicates the battery for which the temperature limit
has been exceeded but also the particular cell.
The initial value of this object is the empty string. The
value of this object is set each time a
batteryLowNotification, batteryTemperatureNotification,
batteryCriticalNotification, or batteryAgingNotification
is generated.
When a notification is generated that does not indicate a
specific cell or set of cells, the value of this object is
set to the empty string."
::= { batteryEntry 25 }
--==================================================================
-- 2. Notifications
--==================================================================
batteryChargingStateNotification NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
batteryChargingOperState
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification can be generated when a charging state
of the battery (indicated by the value of object
batteryChargingOperState) is triggered by an event other
than a write action to object batteryChargingAdminState.
Such an event may, for example, be triggered by a local
battery controller."
::= { batteryNotifications 1 }
batteryLowNotification NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
batteryActualCharge,
batteryActualVoltage,
batteryCellIdentifier
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification can be generated when the current charge
(batteryActualCharge) or the current voltage
(batteryActualVoltage) of the battery falls below a
threshold defined by object batteryAlarmLowCharge or object
batteryAlarmLowVoltage, respectively.
Note that, typically, this notification is generated in a
state where the battery is still sufficiently charged to keep
the device(s) that it powers operational for some time.
If the charging state of the battery has become critical,
i.e., the device(s) powered by the battery must go to a
'sleep' or 'off' state, then the batteryCriticalNotification
should be used instead.
If the low charge or voltage has been detected for a single
cell or a set of cells of the battery and not for the entire
battery, then object batteryCellIdentifier should be set to
a value that identifies the cell or set of cells.
Otherwise, the value of object batteryCellIdentifier should
be set to the empty string when this notification is
generated.
The notification should not be sent again for the same
battery or cell before either (a) the current voltage or
the current charge, respectively, has become higher than the
corresponding threshold through charging or (b) an indication
of a maintenance action has been detected, such as a battery
disconnection event or a reinitialization of the battery
monitoring system.
This notification should not be sent when the battery is in
a charging mode, i.e., the value of object
batteryChargingOperState is charging(2)."
::= { batteryNotifications 2 }
batteryCriticalNotification NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
batteryActualCharge,
batteryActualVoltage,
batteryCellIdentifier
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification can be generated when the current charge
of the battery falls so low that it cannot provide a
sufficient power supply function for regular operation
of the powered device(s). The battery needs to be charged
before it can be used for regular power supply again. The
battery may still provide sufficient power for a 'sleep'
mode of a powered device(s) or for a transition into an 'off'
mode.
If the critical state is caused by a single cell or a set of
cells of the battery, then object batteryCellIdentifier
should be set to a value that identifies the cell or set of
cells. Otherwise, the value of object batteryCellIdentifier
should be set to the empty string when this notification is
generated.
The notification should not be sent again for the same
battery before either the battery charge has increased
through charging to a non-critical value or an indication
of a maintenance action has been detected, such as a battery
disconnection event or a reinitialization of the battery
monitoring system.
This notification should not be sent when the battery is in
a charging mode, i.e., the value of object
batteryChargingOperState is charging(2)."
::= { batteryNotifications 3 }
batteryTemperatureNotification NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
batteryTemperature,
batteryCellIdentifier
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification can be generated when the measured
temperature (batteryTemperature) rises above the threshold
defined by object batteryAlarmHighTemperature or falls
below the threshold defined by object
batteryAlarmLowTemperature.
If the low or high temperature has been detected for a
single cell or a set of cells of the battery and not for the
entire battery, then object batteryCellIdentifier should be
set to a value that identifies the cell or set of cells.
Otherwise, the value of object batteryCellIdentifier should
be set to the empty string when this notification is
generated.
It may occur that the temperature alternates between values
slightly below and slightly above a threshold. For limiting
the notification rate in such a case, this notification
should not be sent again for the same battery or cell,
respectively, within a time interval of 10 minutes.
An exception to the rate limitations occurs immediately
after the reinitialization of the battery monitoring system.
At this point in time, if the battery temperature is above
the threshold defined by object batteryAlarmHighTemperature
or below the threshold defined by object
batteryAlarmLowTemperature, respectively, then this
notification should be sent, independent of the time at
which previous notifications for the same battery or cell,
respectively, had been sent."
::= { batteryNotifications 4 }
batteryAgingNotification NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
batteryActualCapacity,
batteryChargingCycleCount,
batteryCellIdentifier
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification can be generated when the actual
capacity (batteryActualCapacity) falls below a threshold
defined by object batteryAlarmLowCapacity
or when the charging cycle count of the battery
(batteryChargingCycleCount) exceeds the threshold defined
by object batteryAlarmHighCycleCount.
If the aging has been detected for a single cell or a set
of cells of the battery and not for the entire battery, then
object batteryCellIdentifier should be set to a value that
identifies the cell or set of cells. Otherwise, the value
of object batteryCellIdentifier should be set to the empty
string when this notification is generated.
This notification should not be sent again for the same
battery or cell, respectively, before an indication of a
maintenance action has been detected, such as a battery
disconnection event or a reinitialization of the battery
monitoring system."
::= { batteryNotifications 5 }
batteryConnectedNotification NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
batteryIdentifier
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification can be generated when it has been
detected that a battery has been connected. The battery
can be identified by the value of object batteryIdentifier
as well as by the value of index entPhysicalIndex that is
contained in the OID of object batteryIdentifier."
::= { batteryNotifications 6 }
batteryDisconnectedNotification NOTIFICATION-TYPE
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification can be generated when it has been
detected that one or more batteries have been disconnected."
::= { batteryNotifications 7 }
--==================================================================
-- 3. Conformance Information
--==================================================================
batteryCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { batteryConformance 1 }
batteryGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { batteryConformance 2 }
--------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 3.1. Compliance Statements
--------------------------------------------------------------------
batteryCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The compliance statement for implementations of the
BATTERY-MIB module.
A compliant implementation MUST implement the objects
defined in the mandatory groups batteryDescriptionGroup
and batteryStatusGroup.
Note that this compliance statement requires
compliance with the entity4CRCompliance
MODULE-COMPLIANCE statement of the
ENTITY-MIB (RFC 6933)."
MODULE -- this module
MANDATORY-GROUPS {
batteryDescriptionGroup,
batteryStatusGroup
}
GROUP batteryAlarmThresholdsGroup
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation does not have to implement
the batteryAlarmThresholdsGroup."
GROUP batteryNotificationsGroup
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation does not have to implement
the batteryNotificationsGroup."
GROUP batteryPerCellNotificationsGroup
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation does not have to implement
the batteryPerCellNotificationsGroup."
GROUP batteryAdminGroup
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation does not have to implement
the batteryAdminGroup."
OBJECT batteryAlarmLowCharge
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation is not required
to support set operations on this object."
OBJECT batteryAlarmLowVoltage
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation is not required
to support set operations on this object."
OBJECT batteryAlarmLowCapacity
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation is not required
to support set operations on this object."
OBJECT batteryAlarmHighCycleCount
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation is not required
to support set operations on this object."
OBJECT batteryAlarmHighTemperature
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation is not required
to support set operations on this object."
OBJECT batteryAlarmLowTemperature
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation is not required
to support set operations on this object."
::= { batteryCompliances 1 }
--------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 3.2. MIB Grouping
--------------------------------------------------------------------
batteryDescriptionGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
batteryIdentifier,
batteryFirmwareVersion,
batteryType,
batteryTechnology,
batteryDesignVoltage,
batteryNumberOfCells,
batteryDesignCapacity,
batteryMaxChargingCurrent,
batteryTrickleChargingCurrent
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation MUST implement the objects
contained in this group."
::= { batteryGroups 1 }
batteryStatusGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
batteryActualCapacity,
batteryChargingCycleCount,
batteryLastChargingCycleTime,
batteryChargingOperState,
batteryActualCharge,
batteryActualVoltage,
batteryActualCurrent,
batteryTemperature
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation MUST implement the objects
contained in this group."
::= { batteryGroups 2 }
batteryAdminGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
batteryChargingAdminState
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation does not have to implement the
object contained in this group."
::= { batteryGroups 3 }
batteryAlarmThresholdsGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
batteryAlarmLowCharge,
batteryAlarmLowVoltage,
batteryAlarmLowCapacity,
batteryAlarmHighCycleCount,
batteryAlarmHighTemperature,
batteryAlarmLowTemperature
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation does not have to implement the
objects contained in this group."
::= { batteryGroups 4 }
batteryNotificationsGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP
NOTIFICATIONS {
batteryChargingStateNotification,
batteryLowNotification,
batteryCriticalNotification,
batteryAgingNotification,
batteryTemperatureNotification,
batteryConnectedNotification,
batteryDisconnectedNotification
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation does not have to implement the
notifications contained in this group."
::= { batteryGroups 5 }
batteryPerCellNotificationsGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
batteryCellIdentifier
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant implementation does not have to implement the
object contained in this group."
::= { batteryGroups 6 }
END
5. Security Considerations
There are a number of management objects defined in this MIB module
with a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write. Such objects may be
considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. The
support for SET operations in a non-secure environment without proper
protection opens devices to attack. These are the tables and objects
and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
o batteryChargingAdminState:
Setting the battery charging state can be beneficial for an
operator for various reasons such as charging batteries when the
price of electricity is low. However, setting the charging state
can be used by an attacker to discharge batteries of devices and
thereby switching these devices off if they are powered solely by
batteries. In particular, if the batteryAlarmLowCharge and
batteryAlarmLowVoltage can also be set, this attack will go
unnoticed (i.e., no notifications are sent).
o batteryAlarmLowCharge and batteryAlarmLowVoltage:
These objects set the threshold for an alarm to be raised when the
battery charge or voltage falls below the corresponding one of
them. An attacker setting one of these alarm values can switch
off the alarm by setting it to the 'off' value 0, or it can modify
the alarm behavior by setting it to any other value. The result
may be loss of data if the battery runs empty without warning to a
recipient expecting such a notification.
o batteryAlarmLowCapacity and batteryAlarmHighCycleCount:
These objects set the threshold for an alarm to be raised when the
battery becomes older and less performant than required for stable
operation. An attacker setting this alarm value can switch off
the alarm by setting it to the 'off' value 0 or modify the alarm
behavior by setting it to any other value. This may lead to
either a costly replacement of a working battery or use of
batteries that are too old or too weak. The consequence of the
latter could be that, e.g., a battery cannot provide power long
enough between two scheduled charging actions causing the powered
device to shut down and potentially lose data.
o batteryAlarmHighTemperature and batteryAlarmLowTemperature:
These objects set thresholds for an alarm to be raised when the
battery rises above / falls below them. An attacker setting one
of these alarm values can switch off these alarms by setting them
to the 'off' value '7fffffff'H, or it can modify the alarm
behavior by setting them to any other value. The result may be,
e.g., an unnecessary shutdown of a device if
batteryAlarmHighTemperature is set too low, there is damage to the
device by temperatures that are too high if switched off or set to
values that are too high, or there is damage to the battery when,
e.g., it is being charged. Batteries can also be damaged, e.g.,
in an attempt to charge them at temperatures that are too low.
Some of the readable objects in this MIB module (i.e., objects with a
MAX-ACCESS other than not-accessible) may be considered sensitive or
vulnerable in some network environments. It is thus important to
control even GET and/or NOTIFY access to these objects and possibly
to even encrypt the values of these objects when sending them over
the network via SNMP. These are the tables and objects and their
sensitivity/vulnerability:
All potentially sensible or vulnerable objects of this MIB module are
in the batteryTable. In general, there are no serious operational
vulnerabilities foreseen in case of an unauthorized read access to
this table. However, corporate confidentiality issues need to be
considered. The following information or parts of it might be a
trade secret:
o the number of batteries installed in a managed node (batteryIndex)
o properties of these batteries (batteryActualCapacity and
batteryChargingCycleCount)
o the time at which the next replacement cycle for batteries can be
expected (batteryAlarmLowCapacity and batteryAlarmHighCycleCount)
o the types of batteries in use and their firmware versions
(batteryIdentifier, batteryFirmwareVersion, batteryType, and
batteryTechnology)
For any battery-powered device whose use can be correlated to an
individual or a small group of individuals, the following objects
have the potential to reveal information about those individuals'
activities or habits (e.g., if they are near a power outlet, if they
have been using their devices heavily, etc.):
o batteryChargingCycleCount
o batteryLastChargingCycleTime
o batteryChargingOperState
o batteryActualCharge
o batteryActualVoltage
o batteryActualCurrent
o batteryTemperature
o batteryAlarmLowCharge
o batteryAlarmLowVoltage
o batteryAlarmLowCapacity
o batteryAlarmHighCycleCount
o batteryAlarmHighTemperature
o batteryAlarmLowTemperature Implementers of this specification should use appropriate privacy protections as discussed in Section 9 of "Requirements for Energy Management" [RFC6988]. Battery monitoring of devices used by individuals or in homes should only occur with proper authorization. SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 did not include adequate security. Even if the network itself is secure (for example by using IPsec), there is no control as to who on the secure network is allowed to access and GET/SET (read/change/create/delete) the objects in this MIB module. Implementations SHOULD provide the security features described by the SNMPv3 framework (see [RFC3410]), and implementations claiming compliance to the SNMPv3 standard MUST include full support for authentication and privacy via the User-based Security Model (USM) [RFC3414] with the AES cipher algorithm [RFC3826]. Implementations MAY also provide support for the Transport Security Model (TSM) [RFC5591] in combination with a secure transport such as SSH [RFC5592] or TLS/DTLS [RFC6353]. Further, deployment of SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 is NOT RECOMMENDED. Instead, it is RECOMMENDED to deploy SNMPv3 and to enable cryptographic security. It is then a customer/operator responsibility to ensure that the SNMP entity giving access to an instance of this MIB module is properly configured to give access to the objects only to those principals (users) that have legitimate rights to indeed GET or SET (change/create/delete) them.6. IANA Considerations
6.1. SMI Object Identifier Registration
The Battery MIB module defined in this document uses the following IANA-assigned OBJECT IDENTIFIER value recorded in the SMI Numbers registry: Descriptor OBJECT IDENTIFIER value ---------- ----------------------- batteryMIB { mib-2 233 }6.2. Battery Technology Registration
Object batteryTechnology defined in Section 4 reports battery technologies. Eighteen values for battery technologies have initially been defined. They are listed in a table in Section 3.2.
For ensuring extensibility of this list, IANA has created a registry for battery technologies at <http://www.iana.org/assignments/battery- technologies> and filled it with the initial list given in Section 3.2. New assignments of numbers for battery technologies will be administered by IANA through Expert Review [RFC5226]. Experts must check for sufficient relevance of a battery technology to be added according to the guidelines in Section 3.2.1.7. References
7.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>. [RFC2578] McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J. Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578, DOI 10.17487/RFC2578, April 1999, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2578>. [RFC2579] McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J. Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Textual Conventions for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2579, DOI 10.17487/RFC2579, April 1999, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2579>. [RFC2580] McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J. Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Conformance Statements for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2580, DOI 10.17487/RFC2580, April 1999, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2580>. [RFC3411] Harrington, D., Presuhn, R., and B. Wijnen, "An Architecture for Describing Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Management Frameworks", STD 62, RFC 3411, DOI 10.17487/RFC3411, December 2002, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3411>. [RFC3414] Blumenthal, U. and B. Wijnen, "User-based Security Model (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv3)", STD 62, RFC 3414, DOI 10.17487/RFC3414, December 2002, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3414>.
[RFC3826] Blumenthal, U., Maino, F., and K. McCloghrie, "The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Cipher Algorithm in the SNMP User-based Security Model", RFC 3826, DOI 10.17487/RFC3826, June 2004, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3826>. [RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226, DOI 10.17487/RFC5226, May 2008, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5226>. [RFC5591] Harrington, D. and W. Hardaker, "Transport Security Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 78, RFC 5591, DOI 10.17487/RFC5591, June 2009, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5591>. [RFC5592] Harrington, D., Salowey, J., and W. Hardaker, "Secure Shell Transport Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 5592, DOI 10.17487/RFC5592, June 2009, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5592>. [RFC6353] Hardaker, W., "Transport Layer Security (TLS) Transport Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 78, RFC 6353, DOI 10.17487/RFC6353, July 2011, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6353>. [RFC6933] Bierman, A., Romascanu, D., Quittek, J., and M. Chandramouli, "Entity MIB (Version 4)", RFC 6933, DOI 10.17487/RFC6933, May 2013, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6933>.7.2. Informative References
[RFC1628] Case, J., Ed., "UPS Management Information Base", RFC 1628, DOI 10.17487/RFC1628, May 1994, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1628>. [RFC3410] Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D., and B. Stewart, "Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet- Standard Management Framework", RFC 3410, DOI 10.17487/RFC3410, December 2002, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3410>. [RFC6988] Quittek, J., Ed., Chandramouli, M., Winter, R., Dietz, T., and B. Claise, "Requirements for Energy Management", RFC 6988, DOI 10.17487/RFC6988, September 2013, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6988>.
[RFC7326] Parello, J., Claise, B., Schoening, B., and J. Quittek, "Energy Management Framework", RFC 7326, DOI 10.17487/RFC7326, September 2014, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7326>. [RFC7460] Chandramouli, M., Claise, B., Schoening, B., Quittek, J., and T. Dietz, "Monitoring and Control MIB for Power and Energy", RFC 7460, DOI 10.17487/RFC7460, March 2015, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7460>. [SBS] "Smart Battery Data Specification", Revision 1.1, December 1998.
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Steven Chew, Bill Mielke, and Alan Luchuk for their valuable input.Authors' Addresses
Juergen Quittek NEC Europe, Ltd. NEC Laboratories Europe Network Research Division Kurfuersten-Anlage 36 Heidelberg 69115 Germany Phone: +49 6221 4342-115 Email: quittek@neclab.eu Rolf Winter NEC Europe, Ltd. NEC Laboratories Europe Network Research Division Kurfuersten-Anlage 36 Heidelberg 69115 Germany Phone: +49 6221 4342-121 Email: Rolf.Winter@neclab.eu Thomas Dietz NEC Europe, Ltd. NEC Laboratories Europe Network Research Division Kurfuersten-Anlage 36 Heidelberg 69115 Germany Phone: +49 6221 4342-128 Email: Thomas.Dietz@neclab.eu