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RFC 3665

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Basic Call Flow Examples

Pages: 94
Best Current Practice: 75
→ Errata
Part 2 of 4 – Pages 12 to 36
First   Prev   Next

 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 12   prevText 
3.  SIP Session Establishment


   This section details session establishment between two SIP User
   Agents (UAs): Alice and Bob.  Alice (sip:alice@atlanta.example.com)
   and Bob (sip:bob@biloxi.example.com) are assumed to be SIP phones or
   SIP-enabled devices.  The successful calls show the initial
   signaling, the exchange of media information in the form of SDP
   payloads, the establishment of the media session, then finally the
   termination of the call.

   HTTP Digest authentication is used by Proxy Servers to authenticate
   the caller Alice.  It is assumed that Bob has registered with Proxy
   Server Proxy 2 as per Section 2 to be able to receive the calls via
   the Proxy.


3.1.  Successful Session Establishment


   Alice                     Bob
     |                        |
     |       INVITE F1        |
     |----------------------->|
     |    180 Ringing F2      |
     |<-----------------------|
     |                        |
     |       200 OK F3        |
     |<-----------------------|
     |         ACK F4         |
     |----------------------->|
     |   Both Way RTP Media   |
     |<======================>|
     |                        |
     |         BYE F5         |
     |<-----------------------|
     |       200 OK F6        |
     |----------------------->|
     |                        |

   In this scenario, Alice completes a call to Bob directly.

   Message Details

   F1 INVITE Alice -> Bob

   INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 13 
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.atlanta.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.101
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F2 180 Ringing Bob -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 180 Ringing
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=8321234356
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Length: 0


   F3 200 OK Bob -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=8321234356
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 147

   v=0
   o=bob 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 client.biloxi.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.201
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 14 
   F4 ACK Alice -> Bob

   ACK sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bd5
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=8321234356
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
   Content-Length: 0

   /* RTP streams are established between Alice and Bob */

   /* Bob Hangs Up with Alice. Note that the CSeq is NOT 2, since
      Alice and Bob maintain their own independent CSeq counts.
      (The INVITE was request 1 generated by Alice, and the BYE is
      request 1 generated by Bob) */


   F5 BYE Bob -> Alice

   BYE sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKnashds7
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=8321234356
   To: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0


   F6 200 OK Alice -> Bob

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKnashds7
    ;received=192.0.2.201
   From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=8321234356
   To: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 15 
3.2.  Session Establishment Through Two Proxies


   Alice           Proxy 1          Proxy 2            Bob
     |                |                |                |
     |   INVITE F1    |                |                |
     |--------------->|                |                |
     |     407 F2     |                |                |
     |<---------------|                |                |
     |     ACK F3     |                |                |
     |--------------->|                |                |
     |   INVITE F4    |                |                |
     |--------------->|   INVITE F5    |                |
     |     100  F6    |--------------->|   INVITE F7    |
     |<---------------|     100  F8    |--------------->|
     |                |<---------------|                |
     |                |                |     180 F9     |
     |                |    180 F10     |<---------------|
     |     180 F11    |<---------------|                |
     |<---------------|                |     200 F12    |
     |                |    200 F13     |<---------------|
     |     200 F14    |<---------------|                |
     |<---------------|                |                |
     |     ACK F15    |                |                |
     |--------------->|    ACK F16     |                |
     |                |--------------->|     ACK F17    |
     |                |                |--------------->|
     |                Both Way RTP Media                |
     |<================================================>|
     |                |                |     BYE F18    |
     |                |    BYE F19     |<---------------|
     |     BYE F20    |<---------------|                |
     |<---------------|                |                |
     |     200 F21    |                |                |
     |--------------->|     200 F22    |                |
     |                |--------------->|     200 F23    |
     |                |                |--------------->|
     |                |                |                |

   In this scenario, Alice completes a call to Bob using two proxies
   Proxy 1 and Proxy 2.  The initial INVITE (F1) contains a pre-loaded
   Route header with the address of Proxy 1 (Proxy 1 is configured as a
   default outbound proxy for Alice).  The request does not contain the
   Authorization credentials Proxy 1 requires, so a 407 Proxy
   Authorization response is sent containing the challenge information.
   A new INVITE (F4) is then sent containing the correct credentials and
   the call proceeds.  The call terminates when Bob disconnects by
   initiating a BYE message.
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 16 
   Proxy 1 inserts a Record-Route header into the INVITE message to
   ensure that it is present in all subsequent message exchanges.  Proxy
   2 also inserts itself into the Record-Route header.  The ACK (F15)
   and BYE (F18) both have a Route header.

   Message Details

   F1 INVITE Alice -> Proxy 1

   INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b43
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Route: <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.atlanta.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.101
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* Proxy 1 challenges Alice for authentication */


   F2 407 Proxy Authorization Required Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 407 Proxy Authorization Required
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b43
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=3flal12sf
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Proxy-Authenticate: Digest realm="atlanta.example.com", qop="auth",
    nonce="f84f1cec41e6cbe5aea9c8e88d359",
    opaque="", stale=FALSE, algorithm=MD5
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 17 
   F3 ACK Alice -> Proxy 1

   ACK sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b43
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=3flal12sf
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
   Content-Length: 0

   /* Alice responds be re-sending the INVITE with authentication
      credentials in it. */


   F4 INVITE Alice -> Proxy 1

   INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Route: <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="atlanta.example.com",
    nonce="wf84f1ceczx41ae6cbe5aea9c8e88d359", opaque="",
    uri="sip:bob@biloxi.example.com",
    response="42ce3cef44b22f50c6a6071bc8"
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.atlanta.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.101
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* Proxy 1 accepts the credentials and forwards the INVITE to Proxy
   2.  Client for Alice prepares to receive data on port 49172 from the
   network. */
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 18 
   F5 INVITE Proxy 1 -> Proxy 2

   INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.atlanta.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.101
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F6 100 Trying Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F7 INVITE Proxy 2 -> Bob

   INVITE sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss2.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e4.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 68
   Record-Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 19 
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.atlanta.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.101
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F8 100 Trying Proxy 2 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F9 180 Ringing Bob -> Proxy 2

   SIP/2.0 180 Ringing
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss2.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e4.1
    ;received=192.0.2.222
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com;transport=tcp>
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 20 
   F10 180 Ringing Proxy 2 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 180 Ringing
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com;transport=tcp>
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F11 180 Ringing Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 180 Ringing
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com;transport=tcp>
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F12 200 OK Bob -> Proxy 2

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss2.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e4.1
    ;received=192.0.2.222
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 21 
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 147

   v=0
   o=bob 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 client.biloxi.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.201
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F13 200 OK Proxy 2 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 147

   v=0
   o=bob 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 client.biloxi.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.201
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F14 200 OK Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 22 
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 147

   v=0
   o=bob 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 client.biloxi.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.201
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F15 ACK Alice -> Proxy 1

   ACK sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b76
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Route: <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 ACK
   Content-Length: 0


   F16 ACK Proxy 1 -> Proxy 2

   ACK sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b76
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 ACK
   Content-Length: 0


   F17 ACK Proxy 2 -> Bob

   ACK sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss2.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e4.1
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 23 
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b76
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 68
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 ACK
   Content-Length: 0

   /* RTP streams are established between Alice and Bob */

   /* Bob Hangs Up with Alice. */

   /* Again, note that the CSeq is NOT 3.  Alice and Bob maintain
      their own separate CSeq counts */


   F18 BYE Bob -> Proxy 2

   BYE sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKnashds7
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   To: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0


   F19 BYE Proxy 2 -> Proxy 1

   BYE sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss2.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e4.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKnashds7
    ;received=192.0.2.201
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Route: <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   To: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 24 
   F20 BYE Proxy 1 -> Alice

   BYE sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss2.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e4.1
    ;received=192.0.2.222
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKnashds7
    ;received=192.0.2.201
   Max-Forwards: 68
   From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   To: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0


   F21 200 OK Alice -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss2.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e4.1
    ;received=192.0.2.222
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKnashds7
    ;received=192.0.2.201
   From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   To: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0


   F22 200 OK Proxy 1 -> Proxy 2

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss2.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e4.1
    ;received=192.0.2.222
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKnashds7
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   To: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 25 
   F23 200 OK Proxy 2 -> Bob

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKnashds7
    ;received=192.0.2.201
   From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=314159
   To: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 26 
3.3.  Session with Multiple Proxy Authentication


     Alice        Proxy 1     Proxy 2         Bob
       |            |           |             |
       |  INVITE F1 |           |             |
       |----------->|           |             |
       |  407 Proxy Authorization Required F2 |
       |<-----------|           |             |
       |   ACK F3   |           |             |
       |----------->|           |             |
       |  INVITE F4 |           |             |
       |----------->|           |             |
       |   100 F5   |           |             |
       |<-----------| INVITE F6 |             |
       |            |---------->|             |
       |            |  407 Proxy Authorization Required F7
       |            |<----------|             |
       |            |   ACK F8  |             |
       |            |---------->|             |
       |  407 Proxy Authorization Required F9 |
       |<-----------|           |             |
       |   ACK F10  |           |             |
       |----------->|           |             |
       |  INVITE F11|           |             |
       |----------->|           |             |
       |   100 F12  |           |             |
       |<-----------| INVITE F13|             |
       |            |---------->|             |
       |            |  100 F14  |             |
       |            |<----------|  INVITE F15 |
       |            |           |------------>|
       |            |           | 200 OK F16  |
       |            | 200 OK F17|<------------|
       | 200 OK F18 |<----------|             |
       |<-----------|           |             |
       |   ACK F19  |           |             |
       |----------->|  ACK F20  |             |
       |            |---------->|   ACK F21   |
       |            |           |------------>|
       |           RTP Media Path             |
       |<====================================>|

   In this scenario, Alice completes a call to Bob using two proxies
   Proxy 1 and Proxy 2.  Alice has valid credentials in both domains.
   Since the initial INVITE (F1) does not contain the Authorization
   credentials Proxy 1 requires, so a 407 Proxy Authorization response
   is sent containing the challenge information. A new INVITE (F4) is
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 27 
   then sent containing the correct credentials and the call proceeds
   after Proxy 2 challenges and receives valid credentials.  The call
   terminates when Bob disconnects by initiating a BYE message.

   Proxy 1 inserts a Record-Route header into the INVITE message to
   ensure that it is present in all subsequent message exchanges.  Proxy
   2 also inserts itself into the Record-Route header.

   Message Details

   F1 INVITE Alice -> Proxy 1

   INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b03
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Route: <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.atlanta.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.101
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* Proxy 1 challenges Alice for authentication */


   F2 407 Proxy Authorization Required Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 407 Proxy Authorization Required
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b03
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=876321
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Proxy-Authenticate: Digest realm="atlanta.example.com", qop="auth",
    nonce="wf84f1cczx41ae6cbeaea9ce88d359",
    opaque="", stale=FALSE, algorithm=MD5
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 28 
   F3 ACK Alice -> Proxy 1

   ACK sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b03
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=876321
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
   Content-Length: 0

   /* Alice responds be re-sending the INVITE with authentication
      credentials in it.  The same Call-ID is used, so the CSeq is
      increased. */


   F4 INVITE Alice -> Proxy 1

   INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b21
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Route: <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com>
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="atlanta.example.com",
    nonce="wf84f1ceczx41ae6cbe5aea9c8e88d359", opaque="",
    uri="sip:bob@biloxi.example.com",
    response="42ce3cef44b22f50c6a6071bc8"
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.atlanta.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.101
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* Proxy 1 accepts the credentials and forwards the INVITE to Proxy
   2.  Client for Alice prepares to receive data on port 49172 from the
   network. */
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 29 
   F5 100 Trying Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b21
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F6 INVITE Proxy 1 -> Proxy 2

   INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK230f2.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b21
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.atlanta.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.101
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* Proxy 2 challenges Alice for authentication */


   F7 407 Proxy Authorization Required Proxy 2 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 407 Proxy Authorization Required
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK230f2.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b21
    ;received=192.0.2.101
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 30 
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=838209
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Proxy-Authenticate: Digest realm="biloxi.example.com", qop="auth",
    nonce="c1e22c41ae6cbe5ae983a9c8e88d359",
    opaque="", stale=FALSE, algorithm=MD5
   Content-Length: 0


   F8 ACK Proxy 1 -> Proxy 2

   ACK sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b21
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=838209
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 ACK
   Content-Length: 0

   /* Proxy 1 forwards the challenge to Alice for authentication from
   Proxy 2 */


   F9 407 Proxy Authorization Required Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 407 Proxy Authorization Required
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b21
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=838209
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Proxy-Authenticate: Digest realm="biloxi.example.com", qop="auth",
    nonce="c1e22c41ae6cbe5ae983a9c8e88d359",
    opaque="", stale=FALSE, algorithm=MD5
   Content-Length: 0


   F10 ACK Alice -> Proxy 1

   ACK sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b21
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=838209
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 31 
   CSeq: 2 ACK
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="atlanta.example.com",
    nonce="wf84f1ceczx41ae6cbe5aea9c8e88d359", opaque="",
    uri="sip:bob@biloxi.example.com",
    response="42ce3cef44b22f50c6a6071bc8"
   Content-Length: 0

   /* Alice responds be re-sending the INVITE with authentication
   credentials for Proxy 1 AND Proxy 2.  */


   F11 INVITE Alice -> Proxy 1

   INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 3 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com>
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="atlanta.example.com",
    nonce="wf84f1ceczx41ae6cbe5aea9c8e88d359", opaque="",
    uri="sip:bob@biloxi.example.com",
    response="42ce3cef44b22f50c6a6071bc8"
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="biloxi.example.com",
    nonce="c1e22c41ae6cbe5ae983a9c8e88d359", opaque="",
    uri="sip:bob@biloxi.example.com", response="f44ab22f150c6a56071bce8"
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.atlanta.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.101
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* Proxy 1 finds its credentials and authorizes Alice, forwarding the
   INVITE to Proxy.  */
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 32 
   F12 100 Trying Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 3 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F13 INVITE Proxy 1 -> Proxy 2

   INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK230f2.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 3 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com>
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="biloxi.example.com",
    nonce="c1e22c41ae6cbe5ae983a9c8e88d359", opaque="",
    uri="sip:bob@biloxi.example.com", response="f44ab22f150c6a56071bce8"
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.atlanta.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.101
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* Proxy 2 finds its credentials and authorizes Alice, forwarding the
   INVITE to Bob.  */
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 33 
   F14 100 Trying Proxy 2 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK230f2.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 3 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F15 INVITE Proxy 2 -> Bob

   INVITE sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss2.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK31972.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK230f2.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 68
   Record-Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 3 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.atlanta.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.atlanta.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.101
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* Bob answers the call immediately */
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 34 
   F16 200 OK Bob -> Proxy 2

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss2.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK31972.1
    ;received=192.0.2.222
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK230f2.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=9103874
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 3 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 147

   v=0
   o=bob 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 client.biloxi.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.201
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F17 200 OK Proxy 2 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK230f2.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=9103874
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 3 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 147

   v=0
   o=bob 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 client.biloxi.example.com
   s=-
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 35 
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.201
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F18 200 OK Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=9103874
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 3 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 147

   v=0
   o=bob 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 client.biloxi.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.201
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F19 ACK Alice -> Proxy 1

   ACK sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b44
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Route: <sip:ss1.atlanta.example.com;lr>,
    <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=9103874
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 3 ACK
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="atlanta.example.com",
    nonce="wf84f1ceczx41ae6cbe5aea9c8e88d359", opaque="",
    uri="sip:bob@biloxi.example.com",
    response="42ce3cef44b22f50c6a6071bc8"
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="biloxi.example.com",
 Top   ToC   RFC3665 - Page 36 
    nonce="c1e22c41ae6cbe5ae983a9c8e88d359", opaque="",
    uri="sip:bob@biloxi.example.com", response="f44ab22f150c6a56071bce8"
   Content-Length: 0


   F20 ACK Proxy 1 -> Proxy 2

   ACK sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK230f2.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b44
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Route: <sip:ss2.biloxi.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=9103874
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 3 ACK
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com>
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="biloxi.example.com",
    nonce="c1e22c41ae6cbe5ae983a9c8e88d359", opaque="",
    uri="sip:bob@biloxi.example.com", response="f44ab22f150c6a56071bce8"
   Content-Length: 0


   F21 ACK Proxy 2 -> Bob

   ACK sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss2.biloxi.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK31972.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK230f2.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.atlanta.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74b44
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 68
   From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com>;tag=9103874
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@atlanta.example.com
   CSeq: 3 ACK
   Contact: <sip:bob@client.biloxi.example.com>
   Content-Length: 0