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Content for  TR 38.821  Word version:  16.1.0

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1 Scope  2 References  3 Definitions of terms, symbols and abbreviations  3.1 Terms  3.2 Symbols  3.3 Abbreviations 
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1  Scope  Word‑p. 9

The objectives for this document are, based on the outcomes of the TR 38.811, to study a set of necessary features/adaptations enabling the operation of the New Radio (NR) protocol in non-terrestrial networks for 3GPP Release 16 with a priority on satellite access. Access network based on Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) including High Altitude Platform Station (HAPS) could be considered as a special case of non-terrestrial access with lower delay/Doppler value and variation rate.
The objectives for the study are the following
  • Consolidation of potential impacts on the physical layer and definition of related solutions if needed
  • Performance assessment of NR in selected deployment scenarios (LEO based satellite access, GEO based satellite access) through link level (Radio link) and system level (cell) simulations
  • Study and define related solutions if needed on NR related Layer 2 and 3
  • Study and define related solutions if needed on RAN architecture and related interface protocols
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2  References  Word‑p. 9

The following documents contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document.
  • References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non specific.
  • For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
  • For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document.
[1]
TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications"
[2]
TR 38.811: v15.2.0 "Study on New Radio (NR) to support non-terrestrial networks (Release 15)"
[3]
TS 38.401: "NG-RAN; Architecture description (Release 15)"
[4]
TR 38.874: "NR-Study on IAB (Integrated Access and Backhaul)"
[5]
TS 37.340: "NR; Multi-connectivity; Overall description"
[6]
RP-181370: "Study on solutions evaluation for NR to support Non Terrestrial Network"
[7]
TS 23.501: V15.0.0: "System Architecture for the 5G System"
[8]
R3-184403, NR-NTN: "Paging in NGSO Satellite Systems"
[9]
TS 37.324: V15.0.0: "E-UTRA and NR; Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) specification (Release 15)"
[10]
AIAA 2006-6753: "Revisiting Spacetrack Report #3 , Models for Propagation of NORAD Element Sets", David A. Vallado, Paul Crawford, Richard Hujsak, T. S. Kelso, presented at the AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, Keystone, CO, 2006 August 21-24, 2006
[11]
TS 38.420: "NG-RAN; Xn general aspects and principles"
[12]
TS 22.261: "Service requirements for the 5G system; Stage 1 (Release 16)"
[13]
TR 38.913: "Study on Scenarios and Requirements for Next Generation Access Technologies; (Release 15)"
[14]
TR 45.820: "Cellular system support for ultra-low complexity and low throughput Internet of Things (CIoT) (Release 13)"
[15]
R2-1901404: "IoT Device Density Models for Various Environments", Vodafone, submitted to RAN2#105
[16]
R2-1904297: "Tracking Areas Considerations for Non Terrestrial Networks (NTN)", Vodafone, Submitted to RAN2 #105 bis
[17]
R2-1905302: "Tracking area management and update for NTN LEO", Ericsson, ZTE, Thales, Xian, China, 8-12 April 2019
[18]
R2-1905301,: "Feeder link switch for transparent and regenerative LEO", Ericsson, InterDigital, Thales, Xian, China, 8-12 April 2019
[19]
Radar System Engineering, Lecture 9, Antennas, Robert M. O'Donnel, IEEE New Hampshire Section
[20]
R1-1913404: "System Level Calibration Results for NTN on DL transmissions", Thales, submitted to RAN1#99
[21]
R1-1913405: "System Level Calibration Results for NTN on UL transmissions", Thales, submitted to RAN1#99
[22]
R1-1911858: "Discussion on performance evaluation for NTN", Huawei, HiSilicon, submitted to RAN1#99
[23]
R1-1913244: "Calibration Results and first System-Level Simulations for NTN", Nomor Research GmbH, submitted to RAN1#99
[24]
R1-1913351: "Link Budget Results for NTN", Thales, submitted to RAN1#99
[25]
R1-1904765: "Considerations on the simulation assumption and methodology for NTN", ZTE, submitted to RAN1#96bis
[26]
R2-1814877: "Considerations on NTN deployment scenarios", Nokia, Nokia Shanghai Bell, submitted to RAN2#103bis
[27]
R1-1912610: "System simulation results and link budget for NTN", ZTE, submitted to RAN1#99
[28]
R1-1909693: "Simulation Assumptions for Multi Satellite Evaluation", Nokia, Nokia Shanghai Bell, submitted to RAN1#98
[29]
R1-1912123: "Physical layer control procedure in NR-NTN", MediaTek Inc., submitted to RAN1#99
[30]
R1-1912347: "Discussion on physical layer control procedures", Sony, submitted to RAN1#99
[31]
R1-1912469: "Physical layer control procedures in NTN", Samsung, submitted to RAN1#99
[32]
R1-1912724: "On physical layer control procedures for NTN", Ericsson, submitted to RAN1#99
[33]
R1-1913016: "Considerations on Physical Layer Control Procedure in NTN", Nokia, Nokia Shanghai Bell, submitted to RAN1#99
[34]
R1-1912611: "Discussion on the physical control procedure for NTN", ZTE, submitted to RAN1#99
[35]
R1-1911859: "Discussion on physical layer control procedures for NTN", Huawei, HiSilicon, submitted to RAN1#99
[36]
R1-1907277: "Physical Layer Procedures for NTN", Qualcomm Incorporated, submitted to RAN1#97
[37]
R1-1907028: "On physical layer control procedures for NTN", Panasonic, submitted to RAN1#97
[38]
R1-1906324: "Physical layer procedure enhancement for NTN", CATT, submitted for RAN1#97
[39]
R1-1906871: "Discussion on the physical control procedure for NTN", ZTE, submitted to RAN1#97
[40]
R1-1912902: "Discussion on beam management and polarization for NTN", Panasonic, submitted to RAN1#99
[41]
R1-1912955: "Physical Layer Procedures for NTN", Qualcomm Incorporated, submitted to RAN1#99
[42]
R1-1912164: "Physical layer control procedure enhancement", CATT, submitted to RAN1#99
[43]
R1-1908049: "Discussion on Doppler compensation, timing advance and RACH for NTN", Huawei, HiSilicon, CAICT, submitted to RAN1#98
[44]
R1-1908591: "PRACH design and timing advance", CATT, CAICT, submitted to RAN1#98
[45]
R1-1909107: "On frequency compensation, uplink timing and random access in NTN", Ericsson, submitted to RAN1#98
[46]
R1-1909400: "Discussion on the TA and PRACH for NTN", ZTE, submitted to RAN1#98
[47]
R1-1910064: "Discussion on Doppler compensation, timing advance and RACH for NTN", Huawei, HiSilicon, submitted to RAN1#98bis
[48]
R1-1909479: "Summary of 7.2.5.3 on UL timing and PRACH for NTN", ZTE, submitted to RAN1#98
[49]
R1-1911284: "Summary of 7.2.5.3 on UL timing and PRACH for NTN", ZTE, submitted to RAN1#98bis
[50]
R1-1913312: "Summary of 7.2.5.3 on UL timing and PRACH for NTN", ZTE, submitted to RAN1#99
[51]
R1-1913017: "Doppler Compensation, Uplink Timing Advance and Random Access in NTN", Nokia, Nokia Shanghai Bell, submitted to RAN1#99
[52]
R1-1912903: "Timing advance and PRACH design for NTN", Panasonic, submitted to RAN1#99
[53]
R1-1912212: "On PRACH sequence for NTN", Intel Corporation, submitted to RAN1#99
[54]
R1-1912612: "Discussion on the TA and PRACH for NTN", ZTE, submitted to RAN1#99
[55]
R1-1912725: "On NTN synchronization, random access, and timing advance", Ericsson, submitted to RAN1#99
[56]
R1-1912956: "RACH Procedure and UL Timing Control for NTN", Qualcomm Incorporated, submitted to RAN1#99
[57]
R1-1912124: "PRACH design for NTN scenario", MediaTek Inc., submitted to RAN1#99
[58]
R1-1911860: "Discussion on Doppler compensation, timing advance and RACH for NTN", Huawei, HiSilicon, submitted to RAN1#99
[59]
R1-1912165: "PRACH design and UL timing management", CATT, submitted to RAN1#99
[60]
R1-1912349: "Discussion on delay-tolerant HARQ for NTN", Sony, submitted to RAN1#99
[61]
R1-1913019: "Considerations on HARQ in NTN", Nokia, Nokia Shanghai Bell, submitted to RAN1#99
[62]
R1-1912957: "Delay-Tolerant Retransmission Mechanisms for NTN", Qualcomm Incorporated, submitted to RAN1#99
[63]
R1-1912641: "Discussion on more delay-tolerant re-transmission mechanisms for NTN", ETRI, submitted to RAN1#99
[64]
R1-1912125: "Delay-tolerant re-transmission mechanisms in NR-NTN", MediaTek Inc., submitted to RAN1#99
[65]
R1-1912166: "Further consideration on HARQ operation", CATT, submitted to RAN1#99
[66]
R1-1912471: "HARQ Procedure in NTN", Samsung, submitted to RAN1#99
[67]
R1-1912213: "Discussion on HARQ for NTN", Intel Corporation, submitted to RAN1#99
[68]
R1-1912665: "Delay-tolerant HARQ operation for NTN", OPPO, submitted to RAN1#99
[69]
R1-1912904: "Discussion on HARQ for NTN", Panasonic, submitted to RAN1#99
[70]
R1-1913238: "Discussion on the delay-tolerant HARQ operation for NTN", ZTE, submitted to RAN1#99
[71]
R1-1911861: "Discussion on HARQ for NTN", Huawei, HiSilicon, submitted to RAN1#99
[72]
R1-1912726: "On more delay-tolerant re-transmission mechanisms for NTN", Ericsson, submitted to RAN1#99
[73]
R1-1913134: "On more delay tolerant retransmission mechanisms for NTN", Nomor Research GmbH, submitted to RAN1#99
[74]
R2-1916351: "[108#06][NTN] Earth fixed vs. Earth moving cells in NTN LEO", Thales
[75]
TS 38.321: "NR; Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification"
[76]
TS 38.331: "NR; Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol specification"
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3  Definitions of terms, symbols and abbreviations  Word‑p. 12

3.1  Terms  Word‑p. 12

For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905.
Availability:
% of time during which the RAN is available for the targeted communication. Unavailable communication for shorter period than [Y] ms shall not be counted. The RAN may contain several access network components among which an NTN to achieve multi-connectivity or link aggregation.
Feeder link:
Wireless link between NTN Gateway and satellite
Geostationary Earth orbit:
Circular orbit at 35,786 km above the Earth's equator and following the direction of the Earth's rotation. An object in such an orbit has an orbital period equal to the Earth's rotational period and thus appears motionless, at a fixed position in the sky, to ground observers.
Low Earth Orbit:
Orbit around the Earth with an altitude between 300 km, and 1500 km.
Medium Earth Orbit:
region of space around the Earth above low Earth orbit and below geostationary Earth Orbit.
Minimum Elevation angle:
minimum angle under which the satellite or UAS platform can be seen by a terminal.
Mobile Services:
a radio-communication service between mobile and land stations, or between mobile stations
Mobile Satellite Services:
A radio-communication service between mobile earth stations and one or more space stations, or between space stations used by this service; or between mobile earth stations by means of one or more space stations
Non-Geostationary Satellites:
Satellites (LEO and MEO) orbiting around the Earth with a period that varies approximately between 1.5 hour and 10 hours. It is necessary to have a constellation of several Non-Geostationary satellites associated with handover mechanisms to ensure a service continuity.
Non-terrestrial networks:
Networks, or segments of networks, using an airborne or space-borne vehicle to embark a transmission equipment relay node or base station.
NTN-gateway:
an earth station or gateway is located at the surface of Earth, and providing sufficient RF power and RF sensitivity for accessing to the satellite (resp. HAPS). NTN Gateway is a transport network layer (TNL) node.
On Board processing:
digital processing carried out on uplink RF signals aboard a satellite or an aerial.
On board NTN gNB:
gNB implemented in the regenerative payload on board a satellite (respectively HAPS).
On ground NTN gNB:
gNB of a transparent satellite (respectively HAPS) payload implemented on ground.
One-way latency:
time required to propagate through a telecommunication system from a terminal to the public data network or from the public data network to the terminal. This is especially used for voice and video conference applications.
Regenerative payload:
payload that transforms and amplifies an uplink RF signal before transmitting it on the downlink. The transformation of the signal refers to digital processing that may include demodulation, decoding, re-encoding, re-modulation and/or filtering.
Round Trip Delay:
time required for a signal to travel from a terminal to the sat-gateway or from the sat-gateway to the terminal and back. This is especially used for web-based applications.
Satellite:
a space-borne vehicle embarking a bent pipe payload or a regenerative payload telecommunication transmitter, placed into Low-Earth Orbit (LEO), Medium-Earth Orbit (MEO), or Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO).
Satellite beam:
A beam generated by an antenna on-board a satellite
Service link:
Radio link between satellite and UE
Transparent payload:
payload that changes the frequency carrier of the uplink RF signal, filters and amplifies it before transmitting it on the downlink
Unmanned Aircraft Systems:
Systems encompassing Tethered UAS (TUA), Lighter Than Air UAS (LTA), Heavier Than Air UAS (HTA), all operating in altitudes typically between 8 and 50 km including High Altitude Platforms (HAPs)
User Connectivity:
capability to establish and maintain data / voice / video transfer between networks and Terminals
User Throughput:
data rate provided to a terminal
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3.2  Symbols  Word‑p. 13

Void

3.3  Abbreviations  Word‑p. 13

For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905.
ECEF
Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed
EIRP
Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power
FAR
False Alarm Rate
FRF
Frequency Reuse Factor
FSS
Fixed Satellite Services
GEO
Geostationary Earth Orbiting
gNB
next Generation Node B
GW
Gateway
HAPS
High Altitude Platform Station
HEO
Highly Elliptical Orbiting
ISL
Inter-Satellite Links
LEO
Low Earth Orbiting
Mbps
Mega bit per second
MEO
Medium Earth Orbiting
MS
Mobile Services
MSS
Mobile Satellite Services
NAS-MM
Non-Access Stratum Mobility Management
NAS-SM
Non-Access Stratum Session Management
NGEO
Non-Geostationary Earth Orbiting
NTN
Non-Terrestrial Network
RAN
Radio Access Network
RTD
Round Trip Delay
SNR
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
SRI
Satellite Radio Interface
TLE
Two-Line Element
Rx
Receiver
UAS
Unmanned Aircraft System
UE
User Equipment
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