Content for TR 37.857 Word version: 13.1.0
2 References
3 Definitions and abbreviations
4 General description of indoor positioning for UTRA and LTE
5 Evaluation methodology for indoor positioning
6 Baseline performance of existing positioning techniques in indoor environments
7 Studied positioning technology enhancements
8 Conclusions
$ Change History
2 References
3 Definitions and abbreviations Word‑p. 8
3.1 Definitions
3.2 Abbreviations Word‑p. 9
4 General description of indoor positioning for UTRA and LTE
5 Evaluation methodology for indoor positioning
5.1 System model for positioning
5.1.1 Evaluation scenarios
5.1.2 OTDOA assumptions and parameters Word‑p. 13
5.1.3 UTDOA assumptions and parameters Word‑p. 14
5.1.4 D2D aided positioning - assumptions and parameters
5.2 Performance metrics Word‑p. 15
6 Baseline performance of existing positioning techniques in indoor environments
6.1 Simulation results for horizontal positioning accuracy
6.1.1 Case 1: Outdoor macro + outdoor small cell deployment scenarios Word‑p. 16
6.1.1.1 Case 1.A. Outdoor macro + 0 small cells
6.1.1.2 Case 1.B. Outdoor macro + 4 small cells Word‑p. 18
6.1.1.3 Case 1.C. Outdoor macro + 10 small cells Word‑p. 20
6.1.2 Case 2: Outdoor macro + indoor small cell deployment scenarios Word‑p. 21
6.1.2.1 Outdoor macro + dense small cells
6.1.2.2 Case 2a: Outdoor macro + sparse small cells Word‑p. 23
6.1.3 Summary for 50m Horizontal Error Word‑p. 25
6.2 Simulation results for vertical positioning accuracy Word‑p. 26
6.2.1 Case 1: Outdoor macro + outdoor small cell deployment scenarios
6.2.1.1 Case 1.A. Outdoor macro + 0 small cells
6.2.1.2 Case 1.B. Outdoor macro + 4 small cells Word‑p. 27
6.2.1.3 Case 1.C. Outdoor macro + 10 small cells Word‑p. 29
6.2.2 Case 2: Outdoor macro + indoor small cell deployment scenarios Word‑p. 31
7 Studied positioning technology enhancements Word‑p. 35
7.1 RAT-dependent positioning technologies
7.1.1 OTDOA enhancements
7.1.1.1 Enhanced Positioning Reference Signals (PRS) Word‑p. 36
7.1.1.1.1 Randomization of frequency shift
7.1.1.1.1.1 Evaluation Results Word‑p. 37
7.1.1.1.2 Subframe-based variation of frequency shift
7.1.1.1.3 Randomization of PRS muting pattern Word‑p. 40
7.1.1.1.4 PRS muting pattern
7.1.1.1.5 PRS backward compatibility (method 1) Word‑p. 41
7.1.1.1.6 PRS Backward capability (method 2)
7.1.1.1.7 Enhancements for the same PCI case (method 1)
7.1.1.1.7.1 Evaluation results Word‑p. 43
7.1.1.1.8 Enhancements for the same PCI case (method-2) Word‑p. 44
7.1.1.1.9 Additional enhancements for the same PCI case (method 3)
7.1.1.1.10 Enhanced PRS using Tx antenna diversity
7.1.1.1.11 Positioning Reference Signals (PRS) in unlicensed bands Word‑p. 45
7.1.1.1.12 Dynamic PRS configuration adaptation
7.1.1.1.13 CRS together with PRS for RSTD measurements [48][49]
7.1.1.1.14 EB/FD-MIMO based positioning enhancement [50][51] Word‑p. 46
7.1.1.2 Enhanced RSTD measurements Word‑p. 47
7.1.1.2.1 UE inter-frequency RSTD calibration accuracy reporting
7.1.1.2.2 Reference cell selection improvements Word‑p. 51
7.1.1.2.3 PRS interference cancellation (IC) techniques Word‑p. 54
7.1.1.3 Enhanced RSTD reporting Word‑p. 56
7.1.1.3.1 Enhanced RSTD quantization and additional signalling support
7.1.1.3.2 Reduction of RSTD quantization error Word‑p. 57
7.1.1.3.3 Enhanced RSTD measurement quality report
7.1.1.3.4 RSTD report via RRC
7.1.1.4 Enhancements for wideband PRS [48][53][54]
7.1.2 D2D aided positioning Word‑p. 60
7.1.2.1 D2D Aided Positioning Scenarios
7.1.2.2 D2D aided positioning techniques
7.1.2.3 Potential Enhancements Word‑p. 61
7.1.2.4 Evaluation results for D2D aided positioning
7.1.3 E-CID enhancements Word‑p. 64
7.1.4 Enhancement for UE Rx-Tx measurement over multiple serving cells
7.2 RAT-independent positioning technologies Word‑p. 65
7.2.1 Terrestrial beacon systems (TBS)
7.2.1.1 TBS evaluation scenarios
7.2.1.2 TBS configuration parameters Word‑p. 67
7.2.1.3 TBS simulation results
7.2.1.4 Summary for 50m horizontal error Word‑p. 68
7.2.1.5 Terrestrial beacon systems (TBS) impacts Word‑p. 69
7.2.2 Wi-Fi/Bluetooth based positioning Word‑p. 72
7.2.3 Barometric pressure sensor positioning Word‑p. 74
7.2.4 Specification impacts for Wi-Fi, BT and barometric pressure sensor positioning Word‑p. 75
7.2.4.1 Information to be transferred between SMLC and UE
7.2.4.2 E-UTRAN specifications impact Word‑p. 77
7.2.4.3 UTRAN specifications impact Word‑p. 79
7.2.5 IMU sensor based positioning Word‑p. 80
8 Conclusions Word‑p. 81
$ Change History Word‑p. 82
