TR 28.880
Study on Energy efficiency and Energy saving aspects of 5G networks and services

3GPP‑Page fToC_↓ Partial Content _→

V19.0.0 (Wzip) 2024/12 57 p.

Rapporteur:: Mr. Kaushik, Ashutosh
Samsung R&D Institute UK

full Table of Contents for TR 28.880 Word version: 19.0.0

each clause number in 'red' refers to the equivalent title in the Partial Content

Scope p. 8

References p. 8

Definitions of terms, symbols and abbreviations p. 10

3.1	Terms p. 10
3.2	Symbols p. 11
3.3	Abbreviations p. 11

Concepts and background p. 11

4.1	Overall view of network energy efficiency p. 11

Use cases p. 12

5.1

Use case #1: Estimation of containerized VNF/VNFC energy consumption p. 12

5.1.1	Description p. 12
5.1.2	Potential requirements p. 12
5.1.3	Potential solutions p. 12
5.1.4	Evaluation of potential solutions p. 12

5.2

Use case #2: Alternative option to obtain energy consumption of VNF/VNFC p. 13

5.2.1

Description p. 13

5.2.2

Potential Requirements p. 13

5.2.3

Potential solutions p. 13

5.2.3.1

Potential solution #1: Obtain energy consumption of a NF realized by VM or OS container based VNF/VNFC p. 13

5.2.3.1.1	Introduction p. 13
5.2.3.1.2	Description p. 13
5.2.3.1.3	Formula of ECNF p. 14
5.2.3.1.4	Formula of estimated energy consumption of VNF p. 14
5.2.3.1.5	Formula of estimated energy consumption of containerized VNFC based on resource usage metrics p. 15

5.2.4

Evaluation of potential solutions p. 17

5.3

Use case #3: Enabling renewable energy consumption and carbon emission information reporting p. 17

5.3.1

Description p. 17

5.3.2

Potential requirements p. 18

5.3.3

Potential solutions p. 18

5.3.3.1

Potential solution #1: Carbon emission of non-split gNB p. 18

5.3.3.1.1

Part 1: Carbon emission of operator site p. 18

5.3.3.1.1.1	Introduction p. 18
5.3.3.1.1.2	Description p. 18

5.3.3.1.2

Part 2: carbon emission of non-split gNB p. 19

5.3.3.1.2.1

Introduction p. 19

5.3.3.1.2.2

Description p. 19

5.3.3.1.2.2.1	General p. 19
5.3.3.1.2.2.2	Carbon Emission of non-split gNB p. 19

5.3.3.2

Potential solution #2: Renewable energy factor of non-split gNB p. 20

5.3.3.2.1

Introduction p. 20

5.3.3.2.2

Description p. 20

5.3.3.2.2.1	General p. 20
5.3.3.2.2.2	Renewable Energy Factor of non-split gNB p. 20

5.3.3.3

Potential solution #3: Enable association of power supply and energy related information with network elements and network functions p. 21

5.3.3.3.1	Introduction p. 21
5.3.3.3.2	Description p. 21

5.3.4

Evaluation of potential solutions p. 22

5.4

Use case #4: Exposure of carbon and renewable energy related information p. 22

5.4.1

Description p. 22

5.4.2

Potential requirements p. 23

5.4.3

Potential solutions p. 23

5.4.3.1

Potential solution #1: Based on PerfMetricJob p. 23

5.4.3.1.1	Introduction p. 23
5.4.3.1.2	Description p. 23

5.4.3.2

Potential solution #2: Based on ManagementDataCollection p. 24

5.4.3.2.1	Introduction p. 24
5.4.3.2.2	Description p. 24

5.4.3.3

Potential solution #3: Retrieval of energy related information information associated with managed functions p. 24

5.4.3.3.1	Introduction p. 24
5.4.3.3.2	Description p. 25

5.4.4

Evaluation of potential solutions p. 25

5.5

Use case #5: Estimating averaged gNB energy consumption per UE p. 25

5.5.1	Description p. 25
5.5.2	Potential requirements p. 25
5.5.3	Potential solutions p. 25

5.6

Use case #6: Multi-dimensional network energy efficiency metrics p. 25

5.6.1

Description p. 25

5.6.2

Potential requirements p. 26

5.6.3

Potential solutions p. 26

5.6.3.1

Potential solution #1: EE KPIs evaluated from network data traffic performance dimension p. 26

5.6.3.1.1	Introduction p. 26
5.6.3.1.2	Description p. 26

5.6.3.2

Potential solution #2: EE KPIs evaluated for a network from availability dimension p. 27

5.6.3.2.1	Introduction p. 27
5.6.3.2.2	Description p. 27

5.6.3.3

Potential solution #3: EE KPIs evaluated from network quality dimension p. 29

5.6.3.3.1	Introduction p. 29
5.6.3.3.2	Description p. 29

5.6.4

Evaluation of potential solutions p. 33

5.7

Use case #7: Renewable energy-based LBO p. 34

5.7.1

Description p. 34

5.7.2

Potential requirements p. 34

5.7.3

Potential solutions p. 35

5.7.3.1

Potential solution #1 p. 35

5.7.3.1.1	Introduction p. 35
5.7.3.1.2	Description p. 35

5.7.4

Evaluation of potential solutions p. 36

5.8

Use case #8: Energy saving by converting QoS of a service p. 36

5.8.1	Description p. 36
5.8.2	Potential requirements p. 37
5.8.3	Potential solutions p. 37

5.9

Use case #9: Renewable energy enabling 5GC NF re-selection p. 37

5.9.1

Description p. 37

5.9.2

Potential requirements p. 38

5.9.3

Potential solutions p. 38

5.9.3.1

Potential solution #1: Introduce a new attribute p. 38

5.9.3.1.1	Introduction p. 38
5.9.3.1.2	Description p. 38

5.9.4

Evaluation of potential solutions p. 38

5.10

Use case #10: Deployment of Network Slices depending on the energy source of the operator site p. 38

5.10.1

Description p. 38

5.10.2

Potential requirements p. 38

5.10.3

Potential solutions p. 39

5.10.3.1

Potential solution #1 p. 39

5.10.4

Evaluation of potential solutions p. 40

5.11

Use case #11: Handling of power shortages p. 40

5.11.1

Description p. 40

5.11.2

Potential requirements p. 40

5.11.3

Potential solutions p. 40

5.11.3.1

Potential solution #1: Service adjustment for energy saving, based on available energy information p. 40

5.11.3.1.1	Introduction p. 40
5.11.3.1.2	Description p. 40

5.11.4

Evaluation of potential solutions p. 42

5.12

Use case #12: Cell proximity-based energy saving p. 43

5.12.1

Description p. 43

5.12.1.1	Overview p. 43
5.12.1.2	Degree of neighborliness p. 43
5.12.1.3	Cell grouping and categorization p. 43
5.12.1.4	Cell deactivation sequence p. 43

5.12.2

Potential requirements p. 44

5.12.3

Potential solutions p. 45

5.12.3.1

Potential solution #1: AI/ML-assisted Network Energy Saving p. 45

5.12.3.1.1

Introduction p. 45

5.12.4

Evaluation of potential solutions p. 45

5.13

Use case #13: Per-network slice gNB and 5GC NF Energy Consumption p. 45

5.13.1

Description p. 45

5.13.2

Potential requirements p. 45

5.13.3

Potential solutions p. 45

5.13.3.1

Potential solution #1: Enhancement of TS 28.554 clause 6.7.3.3 p. 45

5.13.3.1.1	Introduction p. 45
5.13.3.1.2	Description p. 45

5.13.4

Evaluation of potential solutions p. 46

Conclusions and recommendations p. 46

6.1	Use case #1: Estimation of containerized VNF/VNFC energy consumption p. 46
6.2	Use case #2: Alternative option to obtain energy consumption of VNF/VNFC p. 46
6.3	Use case #3: Enabling renewable energy consumption and carbon emission information reporting p. 46
6.4	Use case #4: Exposure of carbon and renewable energy related information p. 47
6.5	Use case #5: Estimating averaged gNB energy consumption per UE p. 47
6.6	Use case #6: Multi-dimensional network energy efficiency metrics p. 47
6.7	Use case #7: Renewable energy based LBO p. 47
6.8	Use case #8: Energy saving by converting QoS of a service p. 47
6.9	Use case #9: Renewable energy enabling 5GC NF re-selection p. 48
6.10	Use case #10: Deployment of Network Slices depending on the energy source of the operator site p. 48
6.11	Use case #11: Handling of power shortages p. 48
6.12	Use case #12: Cell proximity-based energy saving p. 48
6.13	Use case #13: Per-network slice gNB and 5GC NF Energy Consumption p. 48

Rel-19 SA1 requirements on energy consumption / energy efficiency p. 48

Standard emission factors p. 52

Types of energy related information p. 53

Change history p. 55

TR 28.880 Study on Energy efficiency and Energy saving aspects of 5G networks and services

full Table of Contents for TR 28.880 Word version: 19.0.0

TR 28.880
Study on Energy efficiency and Energy saving aspects of 5G networks and services