The current conclusions of the present document recommend normative work addressing Key Issue #1 (Energy-related information exposure). This normative work is based on the new availability in the 5G System of the Energy Information Function (EIF) as defined in TS 23.501 as well as the definition of two new entities, the Energy Information AF and the Energy Information Collector. Because the capabilities and interfaces of the Energy Information Function (EIF) are not yet fully defined, it seems premature to initiate a new normative Work Item addressing Key Issue #1 before the full definition of the EIF is available. This study also raised several questions not addressed by any of the Key Issues already defined. For example:

1. How does an Application Service Provider provisions an Information Exposure Specification in the Energy Information AF?
   • Interaction with the PCF and/or the EIF may be required.
2. Is the concept of an Energy Policy needed to allow Application Service Provider to specify how the 5GMS System should react to energy-related information about its services shared with the Energy Information AF instantiated in 5GMS AF?
3. How might the 5GMS AS and/or the 5GMS Client (and equivalent functions of the RTC System) react to energy-related information shared with them by the network via the Energy Information AF instantiated in the 5GMS AF and/or the Energy Information Collector?
   • This could involve notification from and/or renegotiation with the PCF, potentially influenced by the Energy Policy mentioned above.
   • It could also involve modifications to the behaviour of the 5GMS AS and Media Stream Handler (downlink Media Player or uplink Media Streamer) and/or Dynamic Policy re-instantiation by the Media Session Handler.

A second phase of study seems relevant to complement the work already done addressing the new questions above and providing more details on the use of new 5G System functions to provide energy-related information. This second phase could also allow work done in TR 22.883 - which was not available during the first study phase - to be addressed, listing new use cases and potential requirements on the following aspects regarding enhancements on energy as service criteria:

• Information exposure of energy-related characteristics of the network for the communication service (i.e. energy consumption, energy supply mix, carbon footprint, energy capacity and availability conditions) to authorized users or authorized third parties.
• Potential dynamic adjustments of the delivered communication service from a 5G System perspective (including service performance adjustments) resulting from the changes of energy-related characteristics of this service. Dynamic adjustments can be based on criteria such as network decision, user preference or agreement between authorized third parties and the network.
• Other aspects including security, charging and privacy for the scenarios above.

The recommendation of the present document is to:

1. Wait for the full definition of the Energy Information Function (EIF) and the completion of TR 22.883.
2. Then, update the present document with:
   a. More details on the interaction with the Energy Information Function (EIF).
   b. New Key Issues addressing questions not yet addressed.
   c. New Key Issues addressing new relevant use cases and requirements defined in TR 22.883.
3. Then, initiate normative work including:
   1. Normative work already proposed for addressing Key Issue #1 (Energy-related information exposure) in clause 8.2.
   2. Potential other work identified in the second phase of the study.