Content for TR 23.737 Word version: 17.2.0
5 Key Issues
6 Solutions
7 Overall evaluation
8 Conclusions
A Characteristics of satellite systems
B Architecture Models for Satellite Integration in 5GS
$ Change history
5 Key Issues p. 13
5.1 Key Issue #1: Mobility management with large satellite coverage areas p. 13
5.2 Key Issue #2: Mobility Management with moving satellite coverage areas p. 13
5.3 Key Issue #3: Delay in satellite p. 14
5.4 Key Issue #4: QoS with satellite access p. 14
5.5 Key Issue #5: QoS with satellite backhaul p. 15
5.6 Key Issue #6: RAN mobility with NGSO regenerative-based satellite access p. 15
5.7 Key Issue #7: Multi connectivity with satellite access p. 15
5.8 Key Issue #8: The role of satellite link in content distribution towards the edge p. 16
5.9 Key Issue #9: Multi connectivity with hybrid satellite/terrestrial backhaul p. 17
5.10 Key Issue #10: Regulatory services with super-national satellite ground station p. 18
5.10.1 Description p. 18
6 Solutions p. 19
6.1 Solution #1: Position-based and fixed TA Satellite Access p. 19
6.1.1 Description p. 19
6.1.2 Procedures p. 22
6.1.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 22
6.1.4 Solution evaluation p. 22
6.2 Solution #2: Addition of new values to RAT type IE p. 22
6.2.1 Description p. 22
6.2.2 Procedures p. 23
6.2.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 24
6.2.4 Solution evaluation p. 25
6.3 Solution #3: Backhaul triggered QoS adaptation p. 25
6.3.1 Description p. 25
6.3.2 Procedures p. 26
6.3.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 29
6.3.4 Solution evaluation p. 29
6.4 Solution #4: Support of UP path switch between SAT RAN and TER RAN p. 29
6.4.1 Description p. 29
6.4.2 Procedures p. 30
6.4.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 31
6.4.4 Solution evaluation p. 31
6.5 Solution #5: QoS control for satellite backhaul scenario p. 31
6.5.1 Description p. 31
6.5.2 Procedures p. 31
6.5.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 33
6.5.4 Solution evaluation p. 33
6.6 Solution #6: Role of satellite backhaul in content distribution towards the edge p. 33
6.6.1 General description p. 33
6.6.2 Procedures p. 34
6.6.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 35
6.6.4 Solution evaluation p. 35
6.7 Solution #7: Idle mode mobility procedure for non-geostationary satellite access p. 36
6.7.1 Description p. 36
6.7.2 Procedures p. 36
6.7.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 39
6.7.4 Solution evaluation p. 39
6.8 Solution #8: 5GS enhancement to support gNBs on NGSO satellites p. 39
6.8.1 Description p. 39
6.8.2 Procedures p. 41
6.8.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 42
6.8.4 Solution evaluation p. 42
6.9 Solution #9: Distributed gNB for NGSO satellites p. 42
6.9.1 Description p. 42
6.9.2 Procedures p. 44
6.9.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 44
6.9.4 Solution evaluation p. 44
6.10 Solution #10: Addressing delay in satellite p. 44
6.10.1 Description p. 44
6.10.1.1 Sources of delay p. 44
6.10.1.2 Delay adaptation in the Core Network p. 45
6.10.1.3 Impact on timers p. 45
6.10.1.4 Timers management p. 46
6.10.1.5 Overall proposal p. 46
6.10.2 Procedures p. 47
6.10.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 47
6.10.4 Solution evaluation p. 47
6.11 Solution #11: Backhaul QoS handling based on AMF and UPF information p. 47
6.11.1 Description p. 47
6.11.2 Procedures p. 50
6.11.2.1 Procedures of detecting backhaul related information p. 50
6.11.2.2 Procedures of detecting backhaul related information via N2 interface p. 50
6.11.2.3 Procedures of utilizing backhaul related information during the PDU session establishment procedure p. 51
6.11.2.4 Procedures of utilizing backhaul information during the PDU session modification procedure p. 53
6.11.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 55
6.11.4 Solution evaluation p. 55
6.12 Solution #12: Satellite cells for 5G satellite access p. 56
6.12.1 Description p. 56
6.12.1.1 Virtual Cells approach p. 58
6.12.1.2 Geographical Zones approach p. 61
6.12.1.3 Virtual Cells Approach with Reduced Impacts p. 63
6.12.2 Procedures p. 65
6.12.2.1 Mobility Procedures p. 65
6.12.2.2 Emergency Calls p. 66
6.12.2.3 Lawful interception by the UE's visited country p. 66
6.12.2.4 Public Warning System p. 67
6.12.2.5 Charging / Customer Notifications p. 67
6.12.2.6 Initial PLMN Access p. 67
6.12.2.7 UE Behaviour in CM IDLE state p. 69
6.12.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 70
6.12.4 Solution evaluation p. 70
6.13 Solution #13: Country specific PLMN selection p. 73
6.13.1 Description p. 73
6.13.2 Procedures p. 74
6.13.2.1 UE switch on and recovery from lack of coverage situation p. 74
6.13.2.2 UE performing PLMN selection p. 74
6.13.2.3 UE registered in VPLMN p. 74
6.13.2.4 AMF processing of Registration Request from UE accessing over satellite p. 75
6.13.2.5 UE mobility in connected mode p. 75
6.13.2.6 Emergency Calls p. 75
6.13.2.7 Lawful interception by the UE's visited country p. 76
6.13.2.8 Public Warning System p. 76
6.13.2.9 Charging / Customer Notifications p. 76
6.13.3 Impacts on existing nodes and functionality p. 76
6.13.4 Solution evaluation p. 77
6.14 Solution #14: Mobility and QoS with Satellite Access p. 77
7 Overall evaluation p. 78
7.1 Evaluation of solutions for Key Issue #1 - Mobility management with large satellite coverage areas p. 78
7.2 Evaluation of solutions for Key Issue #2 - Mobility Management with moving satellite coverage areas p. 79
7.3 Evaluation of solutions for Key Issue #3 - Delay in satellite p. 80
7.4 Evaluation of solutions for Key Issue #4 - QoS with satellite access p. 80
7.5 Evaluation of solutions for Key Issue #5 - QoS with satellite backhaul p. 81
7.6 Evaluation of solutions for Key Issue #6 - RAN mobility with NGSO regenerative-based satellite access p. 82
7.7 Evaluation of solutions for Key Issue #7 - Multi connectivity with satellite access p. 82
7.8 Evaluation of solutions for Key Issue #8 - The role of satellite link in content distribution towards the edge p. 83
7.9 Evaluation of solutions for Key Issue #9 - Multi connectivity with hybrid satellite/terrestrial backhaul p. 83
7.10 Evaluation of solutions for Key Issue #10 - Regulatory services with super-national satellite ground station p. 83
8 Conclusions p. 85
8.1 Conclusion on solutions for Key Issue #1 p. 85
8.2 Conclusion on solutions for Key Issue #2 p. 85
8.3 Conclusion on solutions for Key Issue #3 p. 85
8.4 Conclusion on solutions for Key Issue #4 p. 85
8.5 Conclusion on solutions for Key Issue #5 p. 86
8.6 Conclusion on solutions for Key Issue #6 p. 86
8.7 Conclusion on solutions for Key Issue #7 p. 86
8.8 Conclusion on solutions for Key Issue #8 p. 86
8.9 Conclusion on solutions for Key Issue #9 p. 86
8.10 Conclusion on solutions for Key Issue #10 p. 86
A Characteristics of satellite systems p. 88
A.1 General p. 88
A.2 Class of orbit p. 88
A.3 Geometrical coverage of satellite and propagation delay p. 89
A.4 Type of satellite communication payloads p. 90
A.5 Handovers p. 91
A.6 Air interfaces p. 91
A.7 General considerations on the use of satellite networks p. 91
B Architecture Models for Satellite Integration in 5GS p. 92
B.1 Elementary satellite network architecture p. 92
B.2 Reference architecture with satellite enabled NR-RAN p. 92
$ Change history p. 95
